Hydroxychloroquine-induced hyperpigmentation in a 14-year-old female with systemic lupus erythematosus

Leung, Alexander K C; McMillan, Tara; Human, Andrea; Lam, Joseph M.

doi:10.7573/dic.2020-5-8

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, cardiovascular side effects associated with use of hydroxychloroquine were identified in SLE patients [ 76 ]. Hyperpigmentation also was reported in pedatric SLE patients under hydroxychloroquine [ 77 ].…”

Section: Personalized Therapeutic Approaches To Autoimmune Patients I...mentioning

confidence: 74%

Evaluating Risk: Benefit Ratio of Fat-Soluble Vitamin Supplementation to SARS-CoV-2-Infected Autoimmune and Cancer Patients: Do Vitamin–Drug Interactions Exist?

Mekky

Elemam

Eltahtawy

et al. 2022

Life

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COVID-19 is a recent pandemic that mandated the scientific society to provide effective evidence-based therapeutic approaches for the prevention and treatment for such a global threat, especially to those patients who hold a higher risk of infection and complications, such as patients with autoimmune diseases and cancer. Recent research has examined the role of various fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, and K) in reducing the severity of COVID-19 infection. Studies showed that deficiency in fat-soluble vitamins abrogates the immune system, thus rendering individuals more susceptible to COVID-19 infection. Moreover, another line of evidence showed that supplementation of fat-soluble vitamins during the course of infection enhances the viral clearance episode by promoting an adequate immune response. However, more thorough research is needed to define the adequate use of vitamin supplements in cancer and autoimmune patients infected with COVID-19. Moreover, it is crucial to highlight the vitamin–drug interactions of the COVID-19 therapeutic modalities and fat-soluble vitamins. With an emphasis on cancer and autoimmune patients, the current review aims to clarify the role of fat-soluble vitamins in SARS-CoV-2 infection and to estimate the risk-to-benefit ratio of a fat-soluble supplement administered to patients taking FDA-approved COVID-19 medications such as antivirals, anti-inflammatory, receptor blockers, and monoclonal antibodies.

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Section: Personalized Therapeutic Approaches To Autoimmune Patients I...mentioning

confidence: 74%

Evaluating Risk: Benefit Ratio of Fat-Soluble Vitamin Supplementation to SARS-CoV-2-Infected Autoimmune and Cancer Patients: Do Vitamin–Drug Interactions Exist?

Mekky

Elemam

Eltahtawy

et al. 2022

Life

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,23,31,32,37,40,45,47,51,60 Cardiovascular adverse events were frequently reported in patients with SLE under HCQ or chloroquine (CQ) treatment, 26 and paediatric SLE patients might develop hyperpigmentation induced by HCQ. 34 The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on SLE patients Fifteen studies reported the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on SLE patients. During this lockdown period, SLE patients experienced supply shortages, missed the doses of drugs, underwent financial constraints and spent more money on healthcare.…”

Section: The Epidemiology Of Sle and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review

Qian

Jin

et al. 2022

Lupus

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The objectives of the study were to review the articles to identify (a) the epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); (b) the clinical characteristics of SLE patients with COVID-19; (c) the treatment of COVID-19 in SLE patients; and (d) the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on SLE patients. PubMed was systematically reviewed for literature published from December 2019 to June 2021. Our search was limited to human studies, with language restriction of English. Studies were included if they reported COVID-19 in SLE patients. Our systematic review included 52 studies. The prevalence of COVID-19 infection ranged from 0.0% to 18.1% in SLE patients, and the hospitalisation rates ranged from 0.24% to 10.6%. COVID-19 infection is likely to mimic SLE flare. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was ineffective in prevention of COVID-19, and SLE patients with COVID-19 faced difficulty in healthcare access, had financial constraints and suffered from psychological distress during the pandemic. The pandemic had a significant effect on mental and physical health. Adequate healthcare access, along with containment policies, social distancing measures and psychological nursing was required.

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on SLE

Zhao

et al. 2023

Modern Rheumatology

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Little is known about the association between coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] and autoimmune diseases, especially for systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE]. SLE patients meet with a throng of questions during the pandemic, including minimize the risk of infection, the complex pathological features and cytokine profiles, diagnosis and treatment, rational choice of drugs and vaccine, good nursing and psychological supervision, etc. In this study, we review and discuss the multifaceted effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients living with SLE using the available literatures. Cross-talk was existed in implicated inflammatory pathways/mechanisms between SLE and SARS-CoV-2 infection, and SARS-CoV-2 infection shares similarities with SLE in clinical characters and immuno-inflammatory responses. Current epidemiological data inadequate assess the risk and severity of COVID-19 in SLE. More evidences supported that HCQ and CQ unable prevent COVID-19. During the pandemic, patients with SLE had a higher rate of hospitalization. Vaccination helps to reduce the risk of infection. Several therapies for patients with SLE infected COVID-19 were discussed. The cases in the study can provide meaningful information for clinical diagnosis and management. Our mainly aim is to help the prevention and treatment of patients with SLE infected COVID-19.

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Hydroxychloroquine-induced hyperpigmentation in a 14-year-old female with systemic lupus erythematosus

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Evaluating Risk: Benefit Ratio of Fat-Soluble Vitamin Supplementation to SARS-CoV-2-Infected Autoimmune and Cancer Patients: Do Vitamin–Drug Interactions Exist?

Evaluating Risk: Benefit Ratio of Fat-Soluble Vitamin Supplementation to SARS-CoV-2-Infected Autoimmune and Cancer Patients: Do Vitamin–Drug Interactions Exist?

COVID-19 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A systematic review

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on SLE

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