Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives isolated from hempseed and their effects on central nervous system enzymes

Rea, Julio; García-Giménez, M.D.; Santiago, Marti; Puerta, R. de la; Fernández-Arche, M.A.

doi:10.1080/09637486.2020.1793305

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The IC 50 results for this analysis were 315 μg ml −1 for AE, while HE was not able to reach the IC 50 . Barely any manuscript has been found on the MAO-A enzyme regarding C. sativa, an aqueous extract exhibited an IC 50 value of 50.12 μg ml −1 (Rea et al, 2020), a slightly lower result than the one obtained in this project. It is noticed that CBD from hashish has no effect on the activity of MAO-A in brain tissues which determines why HE did not show any inhibitory effect on this enzyme (Chan and Duncan, 2021).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Evaluation of two different Cannabis sativa L. extracts as antioxidant and neuroprotective agents

et al. 2022

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Cannabis sativa L. is a plant that contains numerous chemically active compounds including cannabinoids such as trans-Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), and flavone derivatives, such as luteolin-7-O-glucuronide and apigenin glucuronide. In particular, the polar fraction of hemp including many phenolic compounds has been overlooked when compared with the more lipophilic fraction containing cannabinoids. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess two extracts of industrial hemp (C. sativa) of different polarity (aqueous and hexane) by evaluating their antioxidant profile and their neuroprotective potential on pharmacological targets in the central nervous system (CNS). Several assays on in vitro antioxidant capacity (DPPH, superoxide radical, FRAP, ORAC), as well as inhibition of physiological enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoaminooxidase A (MAO-A) were carried out in order to find out how these extracts may be helpful to prevent neurodegenerative disorders. Neuro-2a cell line was selected to test the cytotoxic and neuroprotective potential of these extracts. Both extracts showed striking antioxidant capacity in the FRAP and ORAC assays, particularly the hexane extract, and interesting results for the DPPH and superoxide radical uptake assays, with the aqueous extract standing out especially in the latter. In enzyme inhibition assays, the aqueous extract showed AChE and MAO-A inhibitory activity, while the hexane extract only reached IC50 value for AChE inhibitory bioassay. Neuro-2a assays demonstrated that polyphenolic extract was not cytotoxic and exhibited cytoprotective properties against hydrogen peroxide and antioxidant response decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These extracts could be a source of compounds with potential benefit on human health, especially related to neurodegenerative disorders.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Evaluation of two different Cannabis sativa L. extracts as antioxidant and neuroprotective agents

et al. 2022

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“…Hemp inflorescences biosynthesise quite unique health beneficial phytocannabinoids, while hemp seeds are an excellent source of high-value oil, proteins, and valuable micronutrients [6], including health beneficial bioactive compounds [7,8]. For instance, Pihlanto et al [9] reported 5.88-10.63 mg total phenolic content (expressed in mg of gallic acid equivalents) per gram of dry defatted hemp seed flour, which was also confirmed by Rea et al [10]. However, the reports on the use of hemp ingredients in meat products are still rather scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Application of Raw and Defatted by Supercritical CO2 Hemp Seed Press-Cake and Sweet Grass Antioxidant Extract in Pork Burger Patties

Kerner

Jõudu

Tänavots

et al. 2021

Foods

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There is an increasing tendency toward the application of plant origin ingredients in meat products. This study evaluates the physicochemical properties and oxidative stability of pork burger patties produced with the addition of dried raw and defatted by supercritical CO2 extraction hemp seed press-cake as protein-rich ingredients (1.5–2.0%) and sweet grass ethanolic extract (0.5%) as a strong natural antioxidant. The main aim of using such a combination was to assess the possibility of mitigating the negative effects of hemp seed press-cake, containing approx. 10% of highly unsaturated oil, on the oxidation of meat products. The patties were compared with the control sample (without additives) during storage on days 0, 4, 8, 15, and 21 at 4 °C in modified atmosphere conditions. Plant ingredients reduced the lightness of pork patties, while their effects on other physicochemical characteristics were insignificant. The patties with fully defatted hemp seed flour showed the lowest grilling losses. Based on the measurement of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, raw hemp seed press-cake increased the oxidative rate of pork patties; however, remarkably, the addition of sweet grass extract completely inhibited oxidation during the whole period of storage. The sensory characteristics of the products were acceptable; however, the patties with sweet grass extract received lower evaluation scores.

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“…This was analyzed by means of the UHPLC method described, 16 as well as the acceptor solution compartment after the permeability assay, whose solution contains certain constituents of the donor ( Figure 2 ). Although fractions/extracts rich in phenyl amides from hempseed have shown antineuroinflammatory 13 effects, increased biogenic amine levels in mice striatum 18 in animal models, and inhibition of U-87 cancer cell proliferation in vitro , 19 it has also been shown that isolated compounds exert antineuroinflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglia cells. 11 However, no data on hempseed compounds indicate that it can cross the BBB and reach different areas of the brain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isolation was performed as previously reported 18 from the ethyl acetate fraction (4.3 g), fractionated by column chromatography with approximately 85.0 g of silica gel (1:20 ratio). The following solvent mixtures were used, in a volume of 500 mL each: hexane–ethyl acetate (80:20–0:100) and ethyl acetate–methanol (80:20–0:100).…”

Section: Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual Role of Phenyl Amides from Hempseed on BACE 1, PPARγ, and PGC-1α in N2a-APP Cells

et al. 2021

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In Alzheimer’s disease (AD) the accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ) plaques in the brain leads to neuroinflammation, neuronal cell dysfunction, and progressive memory loss. Therefore, blocking the formation of Aβ plaques has emerged as one of the most promising strategies to develop AD treatments. Hempseed is widely used as a food, and recently its compounds have shown beneficial effects on neuroinflammation. The objective of this study was to investigate whether a fraction rich in phenyl amide compounds, N - trans -caffeoyltyramine (CAFT) and N - trans -coumaroyltyramine (CUMT), can affect gene expression: β-site amyloid-precursor-protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE 1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR γ), and PPARγ-coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in N2a-APP cells. The mRNA levels were measured using RT-qPCR. The ethyl acetate fraction and CAFT were found to reduce BACE1 gene expression and are promissory PPARγ and PGC-1α natural agonists. The results show that hempseed compounds can inhibit the expression of BACE 1, which is involved in the accumulation of Aβ plaques and positively affect transcription factors involved in complex and diverse biological functions.

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Hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives isolated from hempseed and their effects on central nervous system enzymes

Cited by 12 publications

References 49 publications

Evaluation of two different Cannabis sativa L. extracts as antioxidant and neuroprotective agents

Evaluation of two different Cannabis sativa L. extracts as antioxidant and neuroprotective agents

Application of Raw and Defatted by Supercritical CO2 Hemp Seed Press-Cake and Sweet Grass Antioxidant Extract in Pork Burger Patties

Dual Role of Phenyl Amides from Hempseed on BACE 1, PPARγ, and PGC-1α in N2a-APP Cells

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