Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Improves Cognition in Patients Severe TBI; A Prospective Study

Abstract

Background: Cognitive impairment post TBI is an important factor in rehabilitation outcomes. Pharmacological and therapeutic services do not directly address damage to the cortical infrastructure. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy is known to improve brain function and healing.Objective: Report outcomes of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in people with Severe TBI Materials and Methods:The study was conducted in a tertiary level rehabilitation centre as a Prospective, non-randomized, case control study. Thirty-seven people with severe TBI (18 cases, 19 controls) participated. At baseline the following were considered: age and gender, level of education, duration of acute care length of stay, duration of post-traumatic amnesia, associated complications, or comorbidities. The main outcome measures were Disability Rating Score, Montreal Cognitive Assessment. DRS was taken at the beginning of Acute Inpatient rehabilitation and at the end along with before and after the intervention period. MoCA was taken at the beginning and end of the intervention period. No one suffered adverse effects of the treatment.Results: Subjects in both groups were similar at baseline. After the intervention there was a significant change in MoCA favoring the HBOT group. There was no difference in DRS at any interval. Conclusion:HBOT can improve cognitive performance after Severe TBI in the post-acute phase. This can improve long term quality of life and facilitate return to society.