Hypercholesterolemia and Hypertension: Two Sides of the Same Coin

Abstract

The aim of this review article is to summarize the current knowledge about mechanisms that connect blood pressure regulation and hypercholesterolemia, the mutual interaction between hypertension and hypercholesterolemia, and their influence on atherosclerosis development. Our research shows that at least one-third of the population of Western Europe has hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Several biohumoral mechanisms could explain the relationship between hypertension and hypercholesterolemia and the association between these risk factors and accelerated atherosclerosis. The most investigated mechanisms are the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and increased production of endothelin-1. Arterial hypertension is frequently observed in combination with hypercholesterolemia, and this is related to accelerated atherosclerosis. Understanding the mechanisms behind this relationship could help explain the benefits of therapy that simultaneously reduce blood pressure and cholesterol levels.

The Relationship Of Waist Circumference And Hypercholesterolemia Incidence In Patient With Hypertension in Tegal Gundil Public Health Center at Bogor City

“…Pengobatan yang dilakukan untuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol penderita hipertensi dapat meningkatkan kontrol tekanan darah, kejadian hiperkolesterolemia pada penderita hipertensi dikaitkan dengan gangguan kapasitas vasodilatasi dan overekspresi reseptor angiotensin II vaskular karena terangsang ase lkolin, hiperkolesterolemia memiliki pengaruh langsung pada salah satu protein di angiotensin yang dapat berkontribusi pada perkembangan hipertensi (Ivanovic & Tadic, 2015).…”

The CYP17A1 gene polymorphisms are associated with hypercholesterolemia in Han Chinese

“…Three reports (1988–1994, 1999–2004 and 2005–2010) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) indicated that 60.7–64.3% of hypertensive patients had hypercholesterolemia . These associations are possibly explained by the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction . Therefore, genetic polymorphisms, which were associated with hypertension, may also be considered as risk factors for hypercholesterolemia.…”

Tyrosine 450 in the Voltage- and Calcium-Gated Potassium Channel of Large Conductance Channel Pore-Forming (slo1) Subunit Mediates Cholesterol Protection against Alcohol-Induced Constriction of Cerebral Arteries

“…At the organismal level, CLR serves as a precursor of steroid hormones and as a critical signaling molecule that plays a major role in cardio/ cerebrovascular physiology (Miller and Auchus, 2011). Pathologic conditions that arise from either a lack or abundance of CLR range from neurodevelopmental delay to severe vascular disorders (Martín et al, 2014;Ivanovic and Tadic, 2015). Hypercholesterolemia has widespread effects on vascular function via cholesterol-driven changes in membrane fluidity, enzyme activity, and cation transporter function in endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, and vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells (Li et al, 2014;Wu et al, 2015).…”