Hyperhomocysteinemia, obesity and cryptogenic stroke

Vayá, Amparo; Ejarque, Ismael; Tembl, José Ignacio; Corella, Dolores; Laíz, Begoña

doi:10.3233/ch-2010-1365

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Concurrently, plasma homocysteine levels in obese individuals with hypertension have been found to be much more than in non-obese individuals with hypertension (Konukoglu et al 2003). Obese individuals with high Hcy levels are predisposed to cryptogenic strokes (Vaya et al 2011) and insulin resistance (Vaya et al 2012). Although it is well established that Hcy is a contributing factor to obesity and obesity-related health risks, the exact role of Hcy in altering the related molecular mechanisms are not yet studied.…”

Section: Homocysteine and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting homocysteine and obesity through pyroptosis, gut microbiome, epigenetics, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and zinc finger protein 407

Laha

Majumder

Singh

et al. 2018

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

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Although homocysteine (Hcy), a part of the epigenome, contributes to cell death by pyroptosis and decreases peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) levels, the mechanisms are unclear. Hcy is found in high concentrations in the sera of obese individuals, which can elicit an immune response as well by hypermethylating CpG islands of specific gene promoters, a marker of epigenetics. Hcy has also been established to chelate divalent metal ions like Cu and Zn, but this role of Hcy has not been established in relationship with obesity. It has been known for a while that PPARγ dysregulation results in various metabolic disorders including glucose and lipid metabolism. Recently, zinc finger protein 407 (Zfp407) is reported to regulate PPARγ target gene expression without affecting PPARγ transcript and protein levels by synergistically working with PPARγ. However, the mechanism(s) of this synergy, as well as other factors contributing to or inhibiting this synergism, have not been proven. This review suggests that Hcy contributes to pyroptosis, changes gut microbiome, and alters PPARγ-dependent mechanism(s) via Zfp407-mediated upregulated adipogenesis and misbalanced fatty acid metabolism, which can predispose to obesity and, consequently, obesity-related metabolic disorders.

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Section: Homocysteine and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Connecting homocysteine and obesity through pyroptosis, gut microbiome, epigenetics, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and zinc finger protein 407

Laha

Majumder

Singh

et al. 2018

Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol.

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“…11 Hyperhomocysteinemia is a probable cause of cryptogenic stroke. 12 A study by Waśkiewicz et al showed that people with Hcy levels above 8.2 μmol/L had a 1.5 times higher risk of death from cardiovascular diseases (including stroke). 13 In individuals with Hcy levels above 10.50 μmol/L, this risk increased to 4.2-fold.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association of High Blood Homocysteine and Risk of Increased Severity of Ischemic Stroke Events

et al. 2018

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Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability in the world as well as in Indonesia. Initial stroke severity is an important factor that affects short- and long-term stroke outcomes. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from July 2017 to January 2018 to investigate the factors that affect stroke severity. A total of 77 acute ischemic stroke patients were divided into three groups, which include low blood homocysteine levels (< 9 μmol/L), moderate blood homocysteine levels (9–15 μmol/L), and high blood homocysteine levels (> 15 μmol/L). The acquired data were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test and a significant difference of initial National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and blood homocysteine levels (H = 13.328, p = 0.001) were seen, with a mean rank of 25.86 for low blood homocysteine levels, 33.69 for moderate blood homocysteine levels, and 48.94 for high blood homocysteine levels. The patients were then divided into two groups based on the NIHSS (≤5 and > 5) to calculate the risk correlation of blood homocysteine levels and NIHSS by using regression. We found that patients with high blood homocysteine levels had 14.4 times higher risk of having NIHSS > 5 compared with those with low blood homocysteine levels (p = 0.002, 95% confidence interval [CI] [2.714–76.407]), and 3.9 times higher risk compared with those with moderate blood homocysteine levels (p = 0.011, 95% CI [1.371–11.246]). We concluded that homocysteine is a risk factor for a higher stroke severity. Future studies to evaluate the usefulness of homocysteine-lowering therapy in stroke patients are recommended.

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“…Studies have shown that women with BD are more susceptible to metabolic syndrome and abdominal obesity than men with BD (Bednarek-Tupikowska et al, 2005). Moreover, previous studies have repeatedly proved that obesity appears to be associated with elevated Hcy levels (Karatela & Sainani, 2009;Vaya, Ejarque, Tembl, Corella, & Laiz, 2011). Therefore, it is conceivable that the overweight and obese women with BD can exhibit an increase in Hcy levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Sex differences in the prevalence and clinical correlates of hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with bipolar disorder

Lin

Huang

et al. 2020

Human Psychopharmacology

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Objective Sex differences in bipolar disorder are well recognized but little attention has been paid to sex differences in homocysteine or hyperhomocysteinemia in bipolar patients. This study compared gender differences in homocysteine levels and rates of hyperhomocysteinemia in Chinese inpatients with bipolar disorder. Methods A total of 198 BD patients and 84 healthy controls were enrolled. The Young Mania Rating Scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and the Clinical Global Impressions–Severity scale were used to assess the affective symptomatology. Fasting plasma Hcy levels were measured by high‐performance liquid chromatography. Results Men had higher homocysteine levels than women and the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia in male patients was approximately twice that in female patients. Logistic regression analyses showed that HHcy was associated with less frequent use of valproate in males and being overweight in females. Further correlation analysis and multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that Hcy levels were inversely correlated with valproate treatment in men and positively associated with overweight in women. Conclusions In bipolar patients, there are significant differences between sexes in the levels of homocysteine and prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia. This appears to be associated with lower prevalence of valproate prescribing in men and with being overweight in women.

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Hyperhomocysteinemia, obesity and cryptogenic stroke

Cited by 19 publications

References 21 publications

Connecting homocysteine and obesity through pyroptosis, gut microbiome, epigenetics, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and zinc finger protein 407

Connecting homocysteine and obesity through pyroptosis, gut microbiome, epigenetics, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and zinc finger protein 407

Association of High Blood Homocysteine and Risk of Increased Severity of Ischemic Stroke Events

Sex differences in the prevalence and clinical correlates of hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with bipolar disorder

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