Hypersensitive lignification response as the mechanism of non-host resistance of wheat against oat crown rust

Moerschbacher, Bruno M.; Noll, Ulrike; Ocampo, Carlos A.; Flott, Berenike E.; Gotthardt, Uwe; Wustefeld, Andreas; Reisener, H. J.

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1990.780417.x

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…This corroborates with previous studies showing a high correlation between autofluorescence and cell death late in the oatcrown rust pathosystem for resistant and partially resistant cultivars (Graichen et al 2011). Autofluorescence of mesophyll cells may also be associated with cell death, lignification and papillae formation (Moerschbacher et al 1990;Bozkurt et al 2010). We found that accumulation of phenolics increased between 24 hpi and 72 hpi in adult plants of URS 21.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Reactive Oxygen Species are not Increased in Resistant Oat Genotypes Challenged by Crown Rust Isolates

Figueiró

Reese

Gonzalez-Hernandez

et al. 2015

Journal of Phytopathology

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Crown rust (Puccinia coronata Corda f.sp. avenae) can devastate oats (Avena sativa). Oxidative stress is part of the resistance mechanism in several pathosystems, but in the oat–crown rust system, it is unclear, especially regarding partial resistance. We evaluated the effects of P. coronata on oxidative stress in oat cultivars: URS 21 (partially resistant), Leggett (race‐specific resistant), URS22 and Clintland 64 (susceptibles). Seedlings and plants were inoculated with P. coronata uredospores. Cultivars were assessed for antioxidant enzyme activity and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydrogen peroxide and superoxide. Due to the importance of the partial resistance of URS21, this cultivar and URS 22 were also appraised for total phenolics and the relative expression of oxidative stress genes. Postinoculation, Leggett and URS 21 showed no increased peroxide levels. The susceptible cultivars increased ROS and ascorbate peroxidase activity. Clintland 64 increased also catalase activity, whereas URS 22 increased glutathione reductase and the expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes. URS 21 showed almost no antioxidant enzyme induction. Shortly after inoculation, URS 21 showed increased expression of genes encoding lipoxygenase and peroxidase. Cultivars URS 21 and Leggett accumulated cell wall fluorescent compounds, phenolics being detected in the former. Oxidative stress appears not to cause the hypersensitive response in this pathosystem, but late ROS accumulation did occur in the susceptible cultivars. Cultivar URS 21 may, differently from other known mechanism to date, reduce ROS accumulation by increasing the level of phenolics, resulting in later pathogen and cell death, showing non‐specific resistance to races of the pathogen also at seedling stage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Reactive Oxygen Species are not Increased in Resistant Oat Genotypes Challenged by Crown Rust Isolates

Figueiró

Reese

Gonzalez-Hernandez

et al. 2015

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…This is supported by observations of scattered lignified areas within the necrotic region, although a more continuous lignified barrier is formed only at the final front of the necrosis. In wheat leaves inoculated with a rust fungus, lignification enzymes increased within 8 h and reached their maximum activity 48-120 h after inoculation (MoERSCHBACHER et al 1990). In our study most of the colour changes in the cell walls of root bark were completed 32 h after inoculation; in the stem bark, a comparable stage was reached after only 24 h.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of Heterobasidion annosum through bark of Picea abies

Lindberg

Johansson

1991

European Journal of Forest Pathology

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Although the suberized rhytidome and phellem of Norway spruee bark appeared to be the strongest barriers against penetration by Heterohasidion annosum, artificial inoculations on standing trees showed that the living phefloderm and phloem bark were also able to contain the fungus. Thiekened cell walls and excretions in the lumen of neerotic cells, as well as morphological changes in the infeeting hyphae, indicated that this protection is of both mechanical and chemical character. Rate of wound periderm formation was correlated to bark thickness and tree age.

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“…The HR to pathogen attack involves an array of defense reactions. These include production of phytoalexins Albersheim 1984, Ebel 1986), deposition of lignin (Moerschbacher et al 1988(Moerschbacher et al , 1990, and structural proteins in the extracellular matrix (Bowles 1990). The rapid increase of the active oxygen species, termed the oxidative burst, may also combination with chitinases, inhibited fungal growth by lysis of the hyphal tips (Mauch et al 1988, Sela-Buurlage et al 1993, Ji and Kić 1996.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intercellular proteins and β‐1,3‐glucanase activity associated with leaf rust resistance in wheat

Anguelova

Westhuizen

Pretorius

1999

Physiologia Plantarum

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To investigate biochemical aspects of resistance conferred by the Lr35 gene for adult‐plant resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to leaf rust, pathogen development was related to intercellular protein composition and β‐1,3‐glucanase (EC 3.2.1.39) activities at three growth stages in infected and uninfected resistant (RL6082 [Thatcher/Lr35]) and susceptible (Thatcher) plants. Leaf rust symptoms produced by pathotype UVPrt9 of Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici showed that resistance conferred by Lr35 was most effective at the flag leaf stage. Furthermore, fluorescence microscopy indicated that resistance was strongly associated with hypersensitive cell death of invaded tissue. According to polypeptide profiles, intercellular proteins with molecular masses of 35, 33, 31 and 26 kDa were constitutively present at higher levels in resistant than in susceptible plants at the flag leaf stage. Four intercellular proteins (35, 33, 32 and 31 kDa) serologically related to β‐1,3‐glucanase were present in resistant and susceptible genotypes during all stages of plant growth. Resistance was associated with high constitutive levels of β‐1,3‐glucanase activity. Susceptibility on the other hand was associated with low constitutive levels of β‐1,3‐glucanase, while high levels were induced by infection during more advanced stages of colonization. Our results suggest that β‐1,3‐glucanase is involved in the defense response controlled by the Lr35 gene.

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Hypersensitive lignification response as the mechanism of non-host resistance of wheat against oat crown rust

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Reactive Oxygen Species are not Increased in Resistant Oat Genotypes Challenged by Crown Rust Isolates

Reactive Oxygen Species are not Increased in Resistant Oat Genotypes Challenged by Crown Rust Isolates

Growth of Heterobasidion annosum through bark of Picea abies

Intercellular proteins and β‐1,3‐glucanase activity associated with leaf rust resistance in wheat

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