Hypertension: The most common chronic health problem in Spain. A call to action

Banegas, José R.; Gijón-Conde, Teresa

doi:10.1016/j.hipert.2022.03.004

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The risk of having hypertension is associated with other CVRF as diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome, that increased the risk, or intensity of physical activity, that reduced it. Our results confirm the impact of excess weight, salt intake and low physical activity that cause close of 50% of the hypertension cases ( 7 ). This relationship highlighted the importance to a correct management of all CVRF, including promotion of a healthy lifestyle, and not only hypertension, to reduce the global cardiovascular risk of the patients ( 24 , 25 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Unfortunately, despite the efforts performed in the last decades to reduce hypertension burden through the reduction of blood pressure (BP) with antihypertensive treatment ( 2 , 3 ), the fact is that awareness, treatment, and BP control remains suboptimal worldwide ( 4 , 5 ). Despite the improvement in the prevention and treatment of CVD in Spain, it still remains the first cause of death, accounting for one quarter of all deaths in the country ( 6 , 7 ). In fact, compared to 2021, death from cardiovascular (CV) causes only descended by 0.6% in 2022 in Spain ( 8 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Population-based studies in Spain have shown that around one third of adults have hypertension (more than 60% in those >65 years) ( 9 , 10 ), but in subjects attended in primary care, these numbers reach to 50%–60% of patients ( 6 , 11 ). Previous studies have shown that only half of treated hypertensive patients are adequately controlled, which would translate into around 30,000 CV deaths annually attributable to hypertension ( 7 ). Therefore, an improvement of the awareness, treatment and BP control in our country is urgently needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, an improvement of the awareness, treatment and BP control in our country is urgently needed. In this context, monitoring the evolution of the proportion of patients with hypertension, as well as the optimal therapeutic approach of the hypertensive population seems mandatory ( 7 ). Although previous studies have analyzed these critical points ( 11 – 14 ), it seems desirable an update of the current management and control of these patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical characteristics, treatment, and blood pressure control in patients with hypertension seen by primary care physicians in Spain: the IBERICAN study

Prieto-Díaz,

Pallares-Carratala,

Manuel Micó-Pérez

et al. 2023

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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ObjectivesTo determine the clinical profile, according to the history of hypertension, the risk of developing hypertension, current antihypertensive treatment and BP control rates in patients with hypertension from the IBERICAN cohort.MethodsIBERICAN is an ongoing prospective cohort study, whose primary objective is to determine the frequency, incidence, and distribution of CVRF in the adult Spanish population seen in primary care settings. This analysis shows the baseline clinical characteristics of patients with hypertension. Adequate BP control was defined as BP <140/90 mmHg according to 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines.ResultsA total of 8,066 patients were consecutively included, of whom 3,860 (48.0%) had hypertension. These patients were older (65.8 ± 10.9 vs. 51.6 ± 14.7 years; p < 0.001), had more cardiovascular risk factors, target organ damage and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in comparison with those without hypertension. The risk of hypertension increased with the presence of associated CV risk factors and comorbidities, particularly diabetes, obesity and the metabolic syndrome, and decreased with the intensity of physical activity. Regarding antihypertensive treatments, 6.1% of patients did not take any medication, 38.8% were taking one antihypertensive drug, 35.5% two drugs, and 19.6% three or more antihypertensive drugs. Overall, 58.3% achieved BP goals <140/90 mmHg. A greater probability of BP control was observed with increasing age of patients and the greater number of antihypertensive drugs. Blood pressure control was lower in hypertensive patients with diabetes, obesity, the metabolic syndrome, increased urinary albumin excretion, higher pulse pressure, and lack of antihypertensive treatment.ConclusionsAbout half of patients attended in primary care settings have hypertension in Spain. Patients with hypertension have a worse CV clinical profile than non-hypertensive patients, with greater association of CVRF and CVD. Around four out of ten patients do not achieve the recommended BP goals, and higher use of combination therapies is associated with a better BP control.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%