Hypnotherapy and IBS: Implicit, long-term stress memory in the ENS?

Noémi, Császár-Nagy; Bókkon, István

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12751

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 206 publications

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“…Fibromyalgia pain and its modulation by hypnotic and non-hypnotic suggestion: an fMRI analysis. European journal of pain (London, England), 13(5), 542-550. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpain.2008.06.010 11. Elkins G. (2022).…”

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confidence: 99%

Physiological Correlates of Hypnotizability: Neural Mechanisms of Hypnosis and Prognostic Role in Medicine

Malloggi,

SANTARCANGELO

2023

Preprint

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Studies in the field of experimental hypnosis highlighted the role of hypnotizability in the physiological variability of the general population. It is associated, in fact, with a few differences which are observable in the ordinary state of consciousness and in the absence of suggestions. The aim of the present scoping review is summarizing them, and indicate their relevance to the neural mechanisms of hypnosis and to the prognosis and treatment of a few medical conditions. Individuals with high, medium and low hypnotizability scores display different cerebral functional differences – i.e., functional equivalence between imagery and perception/action , excitability of the motor cortex, interoceptive accuracy - possibly related to brain structural and functional characteristics - , and different control of blood supply at peripheral and cerebral level, likely due to different availability of endothelial nitric oxide. These differences are reviewed to support the idea of their participation in hypnotic behaviour and to indicate their prognostic and therapeutic usefulness in a few medical conditions.

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confidence: 99%

Physiological Correlates of Hypnotizability: Neural Mechanisms of Hypnosis and Prognostic Role in Medicine

Malloggi,

SANTARCANGELO

2023

Preprint

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Associations Between Brain Morphology, Inflammatory Markers, and Symptoms of Fatigue, Depression, or Anxiety in Active and Remitted Crohn’s Disease

Thomann,

Schmitgen,

Stephan

et al. 2024

Journal of Crohn's and Colitis

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Background Fatigue and psychosocial impairments are highly prevalent in IBD, especially during active disease. Disturbed brain-gut-interactions may contribute to these symptoms. This study examined associations between brain structure, faecal calprotectin and symptoms of fatigue, depression and anxiety in persons with Crohn’s Disease (CD) in different disease states. Methods In this prospective observational study, n=109 participants (n=67 persons with CD, n=42 healthy controls) underwent cranial magnetic resonance imaging, provided stool samples for analysis of faecal calprotectin and completed questionnaires to assess symptoms of fatigue, depression and anxiety. We analysed differences in grey matter volume (GMV) between patients and controls and associations between regional GMV alterations, neuropsychiatric symptoms and faecal calprotectin. Results Symptoms of fatigue, depression and anxiety were increased in patients with CD compared to controls, with highest scores in active CD. Patients exhibited regionally reduced GMV in cortical and subcortical sensorimotor regions, occipitotemporal and medial frontal areas. Regional GMV differences showed a significant negative association with fatigue, but not with depression or anxiety. Subgroup analyses revealed symptom-GMV-associations for fatigue in remitted, but not in active CD, while fatigue was positively associated with faecal calprotectin in active, but not remitted disease. Conclusion Our findings support disturbed brain-gut-interactions in CD which may be particularly relevant for fatigue during remitted disease. Reduced GMV in the precentral gyrus and other sensorimotor areas could reflect key contributions to fatigue pathophysiology in CD. A sensorimotor model of fatigue in CD could also pave the way for novel treatment approaches.

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Long-Term Implicit Epigenetic Stress Information in the Enteric Nervous System and its Contribution to Developing and Perpetuating IBS

Noemi,

Bob,

Bókkon

2024

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Psychiatric and mood disorders may play an important role in the development and persis- tence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Previously, we hypothesized that stress-induced implicit memories may persist throughout life via epigenetic processes in the enteric nervous system (ENS), independent of the central nervous system (CNS). These epigenetic memories in the ENS may con- tribute to developing and perpetuating IBS. Here, we further elaborate on our earlier hypothesis. That is, during pregnancy, maternal prenatal stresses perturb the HPA axis and increase circulating cortisol levels, which can affect the maternal gut microbiota. Maternal cortisol can cross the placental barrier and increase cortisol-circulating levels in the fetus. This leads to dysregulation of the HPA axis, affect- ing the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and intestinal permeability in the fetus. Microbial me- tabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (which also regulate the development of fetal ENS), can mod- ulate a range of diseases by inducing epigenetic changes. These mentioned processes suggest that stress-related, implicit, long-term epigenetic memories may be programmed into the fetal ENS during pregnancy. Subsequently, this implicit epigenetic stress information from the fetal ENS could be con- veyed to the CNS through the bidirectional microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA), leading to perturbed functional connectivity among various brain networks and the dysregulation of affective and pain pro-

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Hypnotherapy and IBS: Implicit, long-term stress memory in the ENS?

Cited by 4 publications

References 206 publications

Physiological Correlates of Hypnotizability: Neural Mechanisms of Hypnosis and Prognostic Role in Medicine

Physiological Correlates of Hypnotizability: Neural Mechanisms of Hypnosis and Prognostic Role in Medicine

Associations Between Brain Morphology, Inflammatory Markers, and Symptoms of Fatigue, Depression, or Anxiety in Active and Remitted Crohn’s Disease

Long-Term Implicit Epigenetic Stress Information in the Enteric Nervous System and its Contribution to Developing and Perpetuating IBS

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