Hypoglycemic Effects in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats of the Phenolic Extract Enriching Ellagic Acid, Kaempferol and Their Derivatives from Mongolian Oak Cups

Abstract

Our previous in vitro reports showed that crude extract prepared with 50% ethanol (ethanol crude extract, ECE) from Mongolian oak cups possessed excellent antioxidant capacities as well as inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase, α-amylase and protein glycation caused by its enrichment in phenolics, including mainly ellagic acid, kaempferol and their derivatives. Nevertheless, few in vivo studies on antidiabetic activities of these phenolics were conducted. The present study investigated hypoglycemic effects with normal and diabetic rats being administrated orally without or with ECE at 200 and 800 mg/kg for 15 days. In normal rats, no significant differences were exhibited after ECE administration in body weight, fasting blood glucose level, levels of chelesterol, triglyceride, LDL and AST in serum, organ indexes, and levels of GSH and MDA in organs. In diabetic rats, the fasting blood glucose level, indexes of heart and liver, and levels of chelesterol and triglyceride in serum and MDA in heart tissue were significantly decreased. Moreover, HDL levels in serum and SOD activities in the four organs of diabetic rats were significantly improved after ECE administration at 800 mg/kg. Thus, in addition to inhibiting α-glucosidase, α-amylase and protein glycation reported previously, oak cups might contain novel dietary phytonutrients in preventing abnormal changes in blood glucose and lipid profile and attenuating oxidant stress in vivo. The results also implied that it is ellagic acid, kaempferol and their derivatives enriched in ECE that might play vital roles in managing type 1 as well as type 2 diabetes.

Influence of Sesame Oil on Physiologic and Histopathological Changes in Alloxnized Male Guinea Pigs

“…Table (1) shows that the MDA level is a good indicator for evaluating oxidative stress in diabetes. The results explain that there is a significant ( P < 0.05) increased in serum MDA level in associated with the significantly (P<0.05) increased in serum glucose concentration and hemoglobinA1c in diabetic pigs compared with control group.…”

“…Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that represents a major public health problem because of the current lifestyle and dietary habits. Type one caused by deficiency in insulin production, type two by ineffectiveness of insulin, clinical and preclinical evidence suggests that diabetes is associated with oxidative stress leading to imbalance of oxidant/ antioxidant (1) . The pathophysiology of diabetes involves several interrelated mechanisms, elevated blood glucose induces auto-oxidative glycosylation, formation of glycation product, activates protein kinase-C, increases polyol pathway activity and hexosamine flux, which are the key components of the cascade, these pathways are responsible for the generation of reactive oxygen species which ultimately contribute to oxidative stress (2) .…”

Studying the Hypoglycemic Activity of Celery Herb Extract Apium Graveolens in Blood Glucose Level of Laboratory Rats (Sprague Dawely)

“…It causes an insulin dependent diabetes mellitus called alloxan diabetes 19 . After 7days and diabetes mellitus was measured using Glucometer device 20 . The Animals with blood glucose level higher than 200 mg/dl were chosen for our research study.…”