Hypothesis: Exosomal microRNAs as potential biomarkers for schizophrenia

Raghavan, Venkatesh; Bhomia, Manish; Torres, Isabel; Jain, Sanjeev; Wang, Kevin

doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2017.04.003

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Among the various types of EV cargo, miRNA has attracted the most attention in the search for reliable and feasible biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of SCZ, BD, and MDD [ 10 , 24 ]. MiRNAs are significant functional components of EVs and can affect recipient cells by negatively regulating gene expression and acting as ligands at cell receptors [ 15 , 25 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicle approach to major psychiatric disorders

Kohshour

Papiol

Delalle

et al. 2022

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Over the last few years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have received increasing attention as potential non-invasive diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for various diseases. The interest in EVs is related to their structure and content, as well as to their changing cargo in response to different stimuli. One of the potential areas of use of EVs as biomarkers is the central nervous system (CNS), in particular the brain, because EVs can cross the blood–brain barrier, exist also in peripheral tissues and have a diverse cargo. Thus, they may represent “liquid biopsies” of the CNS that can reflect brain pathophysiology without the need for invasive surgical procedures. Overall, few studies to date have examined EVs in neuropsychiatric disorders, and the present evidence appears to lack reproducibility. This situation might be due to a variety of technical obstacles related to working with EVs, such as the use of different isolation strategies, which results in non-uniform vesicular and molecular outputs. Multi-omics approaches and improvements in the standardization of isolation procedures will allow highly pure EV fractions to be obtained in which the molecular cargo, particularly microRNAs and proteins, can be identified and accurately quantified. Eventually, these advances will enable researchers to decipher disease-relevant molecular signatures of the brain-derived EVs involved in synaptic plasticity, neuronal development, neuro-immune communication, and other related pathways. This narrative review summarizes the findings of studies on EVs in major psychiatric disorders, particularly in the field of biomarkers, and discusses the respective therapeutic potential of EVs.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicle approach to major psychiatric disorders

Kohshour

Papiol

Delalle

et al. 2022

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Exosomal miRNAs are contained in nanosized extracellular vesicles called "exosomes" and are stably detected in plasma, serum, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and other body fluids 26 . Therefore, exosomal miRNAs in liquid biopsies are easily accessible in living patients and recognized as promising biomarkers for psychiatric disorders 27,28 . In liquid biopsy, urine has some advantages compared to blood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary exosomal microRNAs as predictive biomarkers for persistent psychotic-like experiences

et al. 2023

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Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) occur occasionally in adolescence and mostly disappear with increasing age. Their presence, if persistent, is considered a robust risk factor for subsequent psychiatric disorders. To date, only a few biological markers have been investigated for persistent PLE prediction. This study identified urinary exosomal microRNAs that can serve as predictive biomarkers for persistent PLEs. This study was part of a population-based biomarker subsample study of the Tokyo Teen Cohort Study. A total of 345 participants aged 13 (baseline) and 14 (follow-up) years underwent PLE assessments by experienced psychiatrists using semi-structured interviews. We defined remitted and persistent PLEs based on longitudinal profiles. We obtained urine at baseline and the expression levels of urinary exosomal miRNAs were compared between 15 individuals with persistent PLEs and 15 age- and sex-matched individuals with remitted PLEs. We constructed a logistic regression model to examine whether miRNA expression levels could predict persistent PLEs. We identified six significant differentially expressed microRNAs, namely hsa-miR-486-5p, hsa-miR-199a-3p, hsa-miR-144-5p, hsa-miR-451a, hsa-miR-143-3p, and hsa-miR-142-3p. The predictive model showed an area under the curve of 0.860 (95% confidence interval: 0.713–0.993) for five-fold cross-validation. We found a subset of urinary exosomal microRNAs that were differentially expressed in persistent PLEs and presented the likelihood that a microRNA-based statistical model could predict them with high accuracy. Therefore, urine exosomal miRNAs may serve as novel biomarkers for the risk of psychiatric disorders.

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