Hypoxic Preconditioning Prevents Induction and Activation of 5-Lipoxygenase during Ischemia and Reperfusion of Rat Heart

Remote ischemic preconditioning versus intermittent hypoxia training: a comparative analysis for cardioprotection

“…(2) stimulates insulin-independent glucose transport and accumulation of glycogen in the oxygen-sensitive cells (cardiomyocytes and neurons), thus increasing instantly available intracellular energy reserves [91,92]; (3) incites activator protein-1 and HIFs, the master proteins responsible for numerous adaptational pathways [93,94]; (4) stimulates erythropoietin (EPO) production having multiple protective and neuroregenerative effects [95,96]; (5) stimulates HSP70, one of the key members in the chaperons family providing protection against injury and facilitating successful recovery after damage [97,98]; (6) incites growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) release [99,100]; (7) enhances antioxidant defense system and increases the resistance of Na + -K + ATPase to oxidative stress [101,102]; (8) stimulates endothelial NO production provoking vasodilation, opening of reserve capillaries and preventing Ca 2+ overload, which has multiple protective and adaptogenic effects [103]; (9) modulates humoral and cellular immunity [104]; (10) stimulates brain-derived growth factor (BDGF) and glial cell-derived growth factor (GDNF) that provide neuronal protection and stimulate neuroregeneration [105]; (11) supports mitochondrial biogenesis and induces selection of non-mutated mtDNA [97]; (12) induces changes within mitochondria increasing the O 2 utilization efficiency of ATP production [106]; (13) stimulates activity of natural mesenchimal and hematopoietic stem-cells responsible for repair [104 , 107].…”

“…For example, Portnichenko et al [8] ha ve shown that single exposure of acute hypoxia (inhalation of 10% O 2 during 3 hours) prevents the induction and activation of 5-lipoxygenase during ischemia and reperfusion of rat heart. In addition, in the papers associated with diving, the term "preconditioning" used to describe the procedure of hyperbaric oxygenation before deep sea diving [9].…”