HyRAM: A methodology and toolkit for quantitative risk assessment of hydrogen systems

Groth, Katrina M.; Hecht, Ethan

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.002

Cited by 98 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…SNL is developing a QRA tool called HyRAM (Hydrogen Risk Assessment Models [49]) specifically to enable risk assessment for defensible, science-based codes and standards [47,50,51]. HyRAM integrates relevant behavior models and probabilistic models into a single analysis framework.…”

Section: Methodology and Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the DOE hydrogen safety, codes and standards program, part 3: Advances in research and development to enhance the scientific basis for hydrogen regulations, codes and standards

Marchi

Hecht

Ekoto

et al. 2017

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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Hydrogen fuels are being deployed around the world as an alternative to traditional petrol and battery technologies. As with all fuels, regulations, codes and standards are a necessary component of the safe deployment of hydrogen technologies. There has been a focused effort in the international hydrogen community to develop codes and standards based on strong scientific principles to accommodate the relatively rapid deployment of hydrogen-energy systems. The need for science-based codes and standards has revealed the need to advance our scientific understanding of hydrogen in engineering environments. This brief review describes research and development activities with emphasis on scientific advances that have aided the advancement of hydrogen regulations, codes and standards for hydrogen technologies in four key areas: (1) the physics of high-pressure hydrogen releases (called hydrogen behavior); (2) quantitative risk assessment; (3) hydrogen compatibility of materials; and (4) hydrogen fuel quality.

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Section: Methodology and Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of the DOE hydrogen safety, codes and standards program, part 3: Advances in research and development to enhance the scientific basis for hydrogen regulations, codes and standards

Marchi

Hecht

Ekoto

et al. 2017

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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“…The safety issues around LH2 are highlighted by the ANSI/AIAA [26], Beeson [9], Molkov [8], and Pritchard & Rattigan [21]. With safety protocols in place hydrogen is recognized as being as safe as any other fuel, even with some advantages [27] In Europe work on projects such as Hysafe [31], HyRam [32] as well as FCH JU KnowHy [33] and H2Trust [34] have resulted in analysis tools to assess H2 safety, and comprehensive guidance is used in nuclear environments [35]. Several airports (Heathrow, Berlin, Los Angeles) have introduced H2 fueling stations for ground support/ transport vehicles, thus safety and integration in existing infrastructure have been considered.…”

Section: Current Safety Regulation and Guidancementioning

confidence: 99%

An Analysis of Civil Aviation Industry Safety Needs for the Introduction of Liquid Hydrogen Propulsion Technology

Benson

Ingram

Battersby

et al. 2019

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass, Hydrogen, and Alternative Fuels; Cycle Innovations; Electric Power; Industrial and Cogeneration; Organ

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Over the next few decades air travel is predicted to grow, with international agencies, manufacturers and governments predicting a considerable increase in aviation use. However, based on current fuel type, International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) project emissions from aviation are estimated to be seven to ten times higher in 2050 than in 1990. These conflicting needs are problematic and have led to the EU Flightpath 2050 targeting dramatic emissions reductions for the sector (75% CO2, 90% NOX by 2050). One proposed solution, decreasing carbon emissions without stunting the increase in air travel, is hydrogen propulsion; a technology with clear environmental benefits. However, enabling the safe application of this fuel to aviation systems and industrial infrastructure would be a significant challenge. High-profile catastrophic incidents involving hydrogen, and the flammable and cryogenic nature of liquid hydrogen (LH2) have led to its reputation as a more dangerous substance than existing or alternative fuels. But, where they are used (in industry, transport, energy), with sufficient protocols, hydrogen can have a similar level of safety to other fuels. A knowledge of hazards, risks and the management of these becomes key to the integration of any new technology. Using assessments, and a gap analysis approach, this paper examines the civil aviation industry requirements, from a safety perspective, for the introduction of LH2 fuel use. Specific proposed technology assessments are used to analyze incident likelihood, consequence impact, and ease of remediation for hazards in LH2 systems, and a gap analysis approach is utilized to identify if existing data is sufficient for reliable technology safety assessment. Outstanding industry needs are exposed by both examining challenges that have been identified in transport and industrial areas, and by identifying the gaps in current knowledge that are preventing credible assessment, reliable comparison to other fuels and the development of engineering systems. This paper demonstrates that while hydrogen can be a safe and environmentally friendly fuel option, a significant amount of work is required for the implementation of LH2 technology from a mass market perspective.

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“…This report provides technical documentation of the algorithms, models, and data incorporated in HyRAM 1.1. Additional technical information can be found in the HyRAM conference papers [1][2][3] and in the references cited in this report. User guidance can be found in [4] and HyRAM testing strategy is discussed in [5].…”

Section: Figuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methodology for assessing the safety of Hydrogen Systems: HyRAM 1.1 technical reference manual

Groth

Hecht

Reynolds

et al. 2017

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The HyRAM software toolkit provides a basis for conducting quantitative risk assessment and consequence modeling for hydrogen infrastructure and transportation systems. HyRAM is designed to facilitate the use of state-of-the-art science and engineering models to conduct robust, repeatable assessments of hydrogen safety, hazards, and risk. HyRAM is envisioned as a unifying platform combining validated, analytical models of hydrogen behavior, a standardized, transparent QRA approach, and engineering models and generic data for hydrogen installations. HyRAM is being developed at Sandia National Laboratories for the U. S. Department of Energy to increase access to technical data about hydrogen safety and to enable

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HyRAM: A methodology and toolkit for quantitative risk assessment of hydrogen systems

Cited by 98 publications

References 20 publications

Overview of the DOE hydrogen safety, codes and standards program, part 3: Advances in research and development to enhance the scientific basis for hydrogen regulations, codes and standards

Overview of the DOE hydrogen safety, codes and standards program, part 3: Advances in research and development to enhance the scientific basis for hydrogen regulations, codes and standards

An Analysis of Civil Aviation Industry Safety Needs for the Introduction of Liquid Hydrogen Propulsion Technology

Methodology for assessing the safety of Hydrogen Systems: HyRAM 1.1 technical reference manual

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