<i>A Conversation with</i>Prof. Dr. Klaus von Klitzing:Discoverer of the Quantum Hall Effect

K, von Klitzing

doi:10.1021/nn800179w

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…However, no connection with specific disorder has been established so far. Besides, the possibility of tuning QHE fingerprints by intentional disorder (chemical functionalization, controlled doping,...) [26][27][28] would certainly allow a richer exploration of the metal-insulator transition and the QHE phase diagram in two-dimensional systems, which could be interesting for metrology issues [29][30][31] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum transport in chemically functionalized graphene at high magnetic field: defect-induced critical states and breakdown of electron-hole symmetry

et al. 2014

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Unconventional magneto-transport fingerprints in the quantum Hall regime (with applied magnetic field from one to several tens of Tesla) in chemically functionalized graphene are reported. Upon chemical adsorption of monoatomic oxygen (from 0.5% to few percents), the electron-hole symmetry of Landau levels is broken, while a double-peaked conductivity develops at low-energy, resulting from the formation of critical states conveyed by the random network of defects-induced impurity states. Scaling analysis hints towards the existence of an additional zero-energy quantized Hall conductance plateau, which is here not connected to degeneracy lifting of Landau levels by sublattice symmetry breakage. This singularly contrasts with usual interpretation, and unveils a new playground for tailoring the fundamental characteristics of the quantum Hall effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum transport in chemically functionalized graphene at high magnetic field: defect-induced critical states and breakdown of electron-hole symmetry

et al. 2014

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“…8 Perhaps you cannot find the reason or the driving force, but do not just say, "I don't know that, so I'll just pass over it." That is not good.…”

Section: Psw: There Is a Growing Population Of Students In China Whamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We Second, you should pay attention to new phenomena that you may not be able to explain easily. 8 Perhaps you cannot find the reason or the driving force, but do not just say, "I don't know that, so I'll just pass over it." That is not good.…”

Section: Psw: and Meetings Too! We Always Wondered What Our Professor...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Conversation withDr. Chunli Bai:Champion of Chinese Nanoscience

Chen¹

2008

ACS Nano

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Institute of Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Science in Beijing during a visit last month. We discussed nanoscience in China and Dr. Bai's many roles in it. PSW: What do you find exciting in nanoscience and nanotechnology? And how do you think advances in those areas will affect the world?Chunli Bai: Originally, the driving force for nanoscience and nanotechnology was the electronics market, industry leaders trying to overcome Moore's Law. I think that Moore's Law can still be exciting for another ten years or so. I worry that what we can do in nanoelectronics is not clear.I think the foremost area in nanoscience and nanotechnology is [at the interface] with the biosciences. I think that is most important. We can have a big impact on the human ability to survive. PSW: What do you see for nanoscience in China?Chunli Bai: The numbers of publications in nanoscience and nanotechnology by Chinese scientists have been increasing tremendously. If you look at the number of papers, China would be #2, just after the United States. But, I think the quality of the papers needs to be improved; the number of papers is only one indicator. The impact of the papers is more important. I have data for papers published by Chinese scientists in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology; I think we are ranked #4 after the United States, Germany, and Japan. Some groups in China have very high numbers of citations, but the emphasis should be on the quality of the papers and not just on the number of papers. 1 The second thing is patents; that is an indicator of innovation and potential for industrial application. The number of patents in the field is low compared to the United States, especially for patent applications in To hear Dr. Bai's advice to young scientists in English and Chinese, please visit us at the podcast page of http://www.ascnano.org/.

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Sideways Science

Weiss¹

2008

ACS Nano

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In our Conversation for this issue, Klaus von Klitzing made an insightful comment about discoveries in science, and elaborated on his views.1 Great discoveries are typically not made by setting milestones, but rather by finding something unexpected along the way, realizing that it is interesting, and understanding itOas he put it, working toward a goal but then "going sideways." This was the case for his discovery of the Quantum Hall Effect as well as for many others' key breakthroughs.Each of these aspects of "sideways" is critical: watching closely enough to get a glimpse of something interesting, knowing that it is unusual, and working to understand it. Part of our excitement in going into unexplored territory in the nanoscale world is that we have the hope and even expectation of finding new phenomena, structures, and properties.Yet, with our still primitive ability to measure the nanoscale world, it is much like being put in a new environment and having only our sense of smell on which to rely. The mix may be complex and rich, but separating out the origins of all the odors, choosing one as a focus, and then determining both what it is and why it has that smell would likely be far beyond our abilities. We need not only all of our own senses but the other enhanced measurement and analytical tools that we have developed for the macroscopic and microscopic worlds. We continue to learn how to focus these techniques on the nanoscale objects of our study as well as to exploit the scale of this world to develop new tools. Several of the articles in this issue focus on using such near-field effects to advantage, and to understanding the nanoscale tools at our disposal. [2][3][4][5][6] We can expect to see many significant advances in this area in the future.Our current approach to understanding the nanoscale world is often one of pragmatism; we look at highly simplified systems. We try to study one structure and one phenomenon, but still, we often lack the ability to confirm that we have created the precise structure that we have targeted. I look forward to the day when we are able to work on more complex systems and to understand them in all their exquisite detail with all of their interactions, complexity, and entanglements intact.Our Conversation brought up another issue. Is there a way to target discoveries? Can we steer our research into areas with a greater chance of unearthing new phenomena? Is there some guidance that we can offer those supporting researchOfunding agencies, foundations, companiesOon where to invest their (often our) money?Surely, looking where others have not and developing and applying new tools are parts of a successful approach. Another was brought up by von Klitzing: look for what we do not understand. It may be that there are prosaic explanations for what we find, or it may be something new. Getting to the depths of the problems that we study and the discoveries along the way in terms of preparation, measurements, and understanding will serve us well in both the identification of what ...

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A Conversation withProf. Dr. Klaus von Klitzing:Discoverer of the Quantum Hall Effect

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Quantum transport in chemically functionalized graphene at high magnetic field: defect-induced critical states and breakdown of electron-hole symmetry

Quantum transport in chemically functionalized graphene at high magnetic field: defect-induced critical states and breakdown of electron-hole symmetry

A Conversation withDr. Chunli Bai:Champion of Chinese Nanoscience

Sideways Science

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