<i>Anisakis simplex</i>allergy: a murine model of anaphylaxis induced by parasitic proteins displays a mixed Th1/Th2 pattern

Baeza, M.L.; Conejero, Laura; Higaki, Y.; Martin, E.; Pérez, Chivato; Infante, Sonsoles; Rubio, M.; Zubeldía, J M

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02952.x

Cited by 31 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…It was reported recently that Anisakis infections in rodents are similar to those in humans in terms of antibody and cytokine production [33,34]. As in human cases of gastroallergic anisakiasis [35], in the present study we observed that anti-t-Ani s 7 and anti-nAni s 7 IgE antibodies induced by live Anisakis larvae peaked at about day 30 p.i.…”

Section: Igg1supporting

confidence: 80%

TheAnisakis simplexAni s 7 major allergen as an indicator of trueAnisakisinfections

Anadón

Romarís

Escalante

et al. 2009

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryAni s 7 is currently the most important excretory/secretory (ES) Anisakis simplex allergen, as it is the only one recognized by 100% of infected patients. The allergenicity of this molecule is due mainly to the presence of a novel CX17-25CX9-22CX8CX6 tandem repeat motif not seen in any previously reported protein. In this study we used this allergen as a model to investigate how ES allergens are recognized during Anisakis infections, and the usefulness of a recombinant fragment of Ani s 7 allergen (t-Ani s 7) as a marker of true Anisakis infections. The possible antigenic relationship between native Ani s 7 (nAni s 7) from Anisakis and Pseudoterranova decipens antigens was also investigated. Our results demonstrate that nAni s 7 is secreted and recognized by the immune system of rats only when the larvae are alive (i.e. during the acute phase of infection), and that this molecule is not present in, or is antigenically different from, Pseudoterranova allergens. The t-Ani s 7 polypeptide is a useful target for differentiating immunoglobulin E antibodies induced by true Anisakis infections from those induced by other antigens that may crossreact with Anisakis allergens, including P. decipiens. The results also support the hypothesis that the Ani s 7 major allergen does not participate in maintaining the antigenic stimulus during chronic infections.

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Section: Igg1supporting

confidence: 80%

TheAnisakis simplexAni s 7 major allergen as an indicator of trueAnisakisinfections

Anadón

Romarís

Escalante

et al. 2009

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…A murine model of anaphylaxis in mice sensitized by intravenous or oral challenge confirmed a mixed Th1/Th2 pattern of cytokines in both cases and anaphylaxis only in those mice intravenously challenged (31). It has been demonstrated experimentally that rats infected by a single parasite develop higher IgE levels than do rats infected with a high number.…”

Section: Innate Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 84%

Anisakis simplex: from Obscure Infectious Worm to Inducer of Immune Hypersensitivity

2008

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SUMMARY Infection of humans with the nematode worm parasite Anisakis simplex was first described in the 1960s in association with the consumption of raw or undercooked fish. During the 1990s it was realized that even the ingestion of dead worms in food fish can cause severe hypersensitivity reactions, that these may be more prevalent than infection itself, and that this outcome could be associated with food preparations previously considered safe. Not only may allergic symptoms arise from infection by the parasites (“gastroallergic anisakiasis”), but true anaphylactic reactions can also occur following exposure to allergens from dead worms by food-borne, airborne, or skin contact routes. This review discusses A. simplex pathogenesis in humans, covering immune hypersensitivity reactions both in the context of a living infection and in terms of exposure to its allergens by other routes. Over the last 20 years, several studies have concentrated on A. simplex antigen characterization and innate as well as adaptive immune response to this parasite. Molecular characterization of Anisakis allergens and isolation of their encoding cDNAs is now an active field of research that should provide improved diagnostic tools in addition to tools with which to enhance our understanding of pathogenesis and controversial aspects of A. simplex allergy. We also discuss the potential relevance of parasite products such as allergens, proteinases, and proteinase inhibitors and the activation of basophils, eosinophils, and mast cells in the induction of A. simplex-related immune hypersensitivity states induced by exposure to the parasite, dead or alive.

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“…Indeed, on the basis of previous reports (9,27), it could be argued that in addition to Anisakis infections, CAP FEIA detects IgE antibodies induced by free Anisakis allergens that are present in fish contaminated with this parasite and categorizes the patients as positive. However, this hypothesis appears unlikely, considering the negative results obtained in provocation test studies carried out on sensitized patients, using frozen (1,2,14), freeze-dried (32), or excretory-secretory (6) antigens, as well as in experiments conducted in a murine model of anaphylaxis (7). In consequence, it appears more likely that the large number of positive results obtained with CAP FEIA is the result of the detection of IgE antibodies induced by other allergens that share common epitopes with Anisakis allergens, as previously reported (15,18,29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosing Human Anisakiasis: Recombinant Ani s 1 and Ani s 7 Allergens versus the UniCAP 100 Fluorescence Enzyme Immunoassay

Anadón

Rodríguez

Gárate

et al. 2010

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Anisakis simplexallergy: a murine model of anaphylaxis induced by parasitic proteins displays a mixed Th1/Th2 pattern

Cited by 31 publications

References 45 publications

TheAnisakis simplexAni s 7 major allergen as an indicator of trueAnisakisinfections

TheAnisakis simplexAni s 7 major allergen as an indicator of trueAnisakisinfections

Anisakis simplex: from Obscure Infectious Worm to Inducer of Immune Hypersensitivity

Diagnosing Human Anisakiasis: Recombinant Ani s 1 and Ani s 7 Allergens versus the UniCAP 100 Fluorescence Enzyme Immunoassay

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