<i>Aspergillus flavus</i> genetic structure at a turkey farm

Cherif, Ghaya; Hadrich, Inès; Harrabi, Myriam; Kallel, Aicha; Fakhfekh, Nejla; Messaoud, None Mariem; Abdallah, H. Ben; Azeiz, Ons; Kallel, K.; Ranque, Stéphane

doi:10.1002/vms3.1015

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Although genetic diversity within A. flavus has been studied using microsatellite markers in environmental [28][29][30], veterinary [31], and clinical [32] contexts, these studies focused on a few loci and therefore examine only a small fraction of the total genomic divergence among the isolates. The largest study of A. flavus focused on agricultural isolates from the USA, finding high levels of genetic diversity and genetically isolated populations that vary in extent of recombination [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity is associated with population structure in a fungal pathogen of humans

Hatmaker,

Barber,

Drott

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Aspergillus flavusis a clinically and agriculturally important saprotrophic fungus responsible for severe human infections and extensive crop losses. We analyzed genomic data from 250 (95 clinical and 155 environmental)A. flavusisolates from 9 countries, including 70 newly sequenced clinical isolates, to examine population and pan-genome structure and their relationship to pathogenicity. We identified fiveA. flavuspopulations, including a new population, D, corresponding to distinct clades in the genome-wide phylogeny. Strikingly, > 75% of clinical isolates were from population D. Accessory genes, including genes within biosynthetic gene clusters, were significantly more common in some populations but rare in others. Population D was enriched for genes associated with zinc ion binding, lipid metabolism, and certain types of hydrolase activity. In contrast to the major human pathogenAspergillus fumigatus,A. flavuspathogenicity in humans is strongly associated with population structure, making it a great system for investigating how population-specific genes contribute to pathogenicity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity is associated with population structure in a fungal pathogen of humans

Hatmaker,

Barber,

Drott

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Aspergillus flavus genetic structure at a turkey farm

Cherif

Hadrich

Harrabi

et al. 2022

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background The ubiquitous environmental fungus Aspergillus flavus is also a life‐threatening avian pathogen. Objectives This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of A. flavus isolated from turkey lung biopsy or environmental samples collected in a poultry farm. Methods A. flavus isolates were identified using both morphological and ITS sequence features. Multilocus microsatellite genotyping was performed by using a panel of six microsatellite markers. Population genetic indices were computed using FSTAT and STRUCTURE. A minimum‐spanning tree (MST) and UPGMA dendrogram were drawn using BioNumerics and NTSYS‐PC, respectively. Results The 63 environmental (air, surfaces, eggshells and food) A. flavus isolates clustered in 36 genotypes (genotypic diversity = 0.57), and the 19 turkey lung biopsies isolates clustered in 17 genotypes (genotypic diversity = 0.89). The genetic structure of environmental and avian A. flavus populations were clearly differentiated, according to both F ‐statistics and Bayesian model‐based analysis’ results. The Bayesian approach indicated gene flow between both A. flavus populations. The MST illustrated the genetic structure of this A. flavus population split in nine clusters, including six singletons. Conclusions Our results highlight the distinct genetic structure of environmental and avian A. flavus populations, indicative of a genome‐based adaptation of isolates involved in avian aspergillosis.

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Development of a Simple and Rapid DNA Extraction Method for Aspergillus flavus

Sanioğlu Gölen,

Akar

2024

Acta Veterinaria

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Aspergillus species are known to be very important in human and domestic animal health. Aspergillus species commonly cause severe systemic and skin infections, as well as allergic lung diseases. With the development of PCR techniques, these methods are used to identify and diagnose fungi. DNA extraction from Aspergillus species is difficult because the fungal cell wall structure is very durable and complex. Fungal DNA extraction methods containing proteinase K and liquid nitrogen are widely used to break down the cell wall. However, these methods cause DNA loss during the extraction in Aspergillus species. In this study, on the contrary, the commonly used DNA extraction by means of ammonium hydroxide, which is generally used to break down chitin in DNA extraction of ticks and plants, is used. The efficiency of the cell wall lysis method from A. flavus with ammonium hydroxide was compared with methods containing proteinase K and liquid nitrogen. For this purpose, DNA extraction of A. flavus was tried using three different methods. As a result, the cell wall of A. flavus was lysed using ammonium hydroxide in this study. The obtained DNA’s quality, concentration, and PCR performance were sufficient. This method has been evaluated as a faster, more straightforward, and more economical alternative.

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Aspergillus flavus genetic structure at a turkey farm

Cited by 3 publications

References 26 publications

Pathogenicity is associated with population structure in a fungal pathogen of humans

Pathogenicity is associated with population structure in a fungal pathogen of humans

Aspergillus flavus genetic structure at a turkey farm

Development of a Simple and Rapid DNA Extraction Method for Aspergillus flavus

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