Candida-Bacteria Interactions: Their Impact on Human Disease

Vulvovaginal candidiasis: histologic lesions are primarily polymicrobial and invasive and do not contain biofilms

“…In fact, some clinicians refer to Candida vaginitis as infection of vaginal secretions only. Moreover, the histological appearance of nonvaginal Candida lesions presented in some publications are all definitively invasive (Gow and Hube, 17 page 407, Figure 1, A, B, and C, and Figure 2; Jabra-Rizk et al, 18 page 2729, Figure 9, B and C; Gao et al, 6 page 737, Figure 9; Allison et al, 7 page 8, Figure 6) and similar to our findings.…”

“…was claimed to promote and lactobacilli to supress Candida biofilms. 7,19 While our data support a contributory promoting role for Gardnerella, little was forthcoming to support lactobacilli being beneficial or protective.…”

“…Many excellent reviews are dedicated to different aspects of Candida research. 2e5, 7,8,12 Our perception of VVC is based only on interpretation of indirect indices: epidemiology of Ato, Atopobium; BV, bacterial vaginosis; FISH, fluorescent in situ hybridization; Gard, Gardnerella; VVC, vulvovaginal candidiasis.…”

Candida Albicans and Staphylococcus Aureus Co-Infection in Mice After Antibiotic-Induced Dysbiosis

“…On the basis of the data obtained, the causes of death of the mice are the mutual reinforcement of the physiological properties of the associates and reduction of the nonspecific protective system of the microorganism through the developed dysbacteriosis on the other hand. Microbial products have a synergistic effect in association, influencing on the growth and reproduction of bacteria, on the expression of pathogenicity factors [18]. The main factor ensuring the microbial pathogen's ability to cause an infection with severe flow is the amplification of the bacteria virulence under the influence of fungi.…”

The sixth sensor: A Candida albicans biofilm master regulator that responds to inter-kingdom interactions

“…In particular, Candida spp thrive in low-pH environments and are commonly found together with saccharolytic Gram-positive bacteria such as Lactobacillus spp and Streptococcus spp in biofilms throughout the gastrointestinal tract or the vulvovagina and with Staphylococcus spp on skin. 5 Evidence is accumulating that interactions between Candida and bacteria are critical for colonisation, biofilm formation and the yeast-hyphal transition in C. albicans, which is strongly linked to its ability to invade host mucosal surfaces and cause disease. 6 However, the central regulatory pathways in Candida responsible for sensing and responding to interactions with bacteria are not well understood at present.…”