Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences, which serve as DNA barcodes, have been used to associate immature and adult stages of insects and to delineate species. The partial mitochondrial cytochromecoxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences for South Korean Megaloptera (all known in the adult stage) were tested to identify undetermined larvae as a rapid and effective method from 31 specimens (16 adults and 15 larvae). The COI gene sequences distinguished all six known Megaloptera species, with a low genetic distance between larvae and adults (0.50±0.21%). Based on the COI gene sequences, we associated five types of larvae with known adults including the following four species of newly described larval stages:Sialis annaeVshivkova, 1979 (Megaloptera: Sialidae);Neochauliodes formosanus(Okamoto, 1910) (Megaloptera: Corydalidae);Parachauliodes asahinaiLiuet al., 2008 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae); andProtohermes xanthodesNavás, 1913 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae). The known larval stage ofSialis koreanaJung and Bae, 2012 (Megaloptera: Sialidae) was confirmed, and the morphological variation in the male genitalia ofSialis longidensKlingstedt, 1932 (Megaloptera: Sialidae) is discussed. A larval key to the six South Korean species of Megaloptera is provided.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences, which serve as DNA barcodes, have been used to associate immature and adult stages of insects and to delineate species. The partial mitochondrial cytochromecoxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences for South Korean Megaloptera (all known in the adult stage) were tested to identify undetermined larvae as a rapid and effective method from 31 specimens (16 adults and 15 larvae). The COI gene sequences distinguished all six known Megaloptera species, with a low genetic distance between larvae and adults (0.50±0.21%). Based on the COI gene sequences, we associated five types of larvae with known adults including the following four species of newly described larval stages:Sialis annaeVshivkova, 1979 (Megaloptera: Sialidae);Neochauliodes formosanus(Okamoto, 1910) (Megaloptera: Corydalidae);Parachauliodes asahinaiLiuet al., 2008 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae); andProtohermes xanthodesNavás, 1913 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae). The known larval stage ofSialis koreanaJung and Bae, 2012 (Megaloptera: Sialidae) was confirmed, and the morphological variation in the male genitalia ofSialis longidensKlingstedt, 1932 (Megaloptera: Sialidae) is discussed. A larval key to the six South Korean species of Megaloptera is provided.
“…The Trichoptera fauna has been insufficiently investigated. However, occasional information was published after Martynov's expedition in 1927 (Martynov 1934(Martynov , 1935Nagayashi & Ito 1993;Vshivkova & Tanida 1995;Vshivkova, Arefina 1996;Arefina, Vshivkova & Morse 2002;Arefina 2003) reporting a total of 16 species. The results of an expedition in 2008-2009 and later short expeditions of the Laboratory of Freshwater Hydrobiology of IBSS (FEB RAS) around this area brought 40 new records (71.4%) to the species list that are published here for the first time.…”
Section: Udege Legend National Park (Iucn Category Ii)mentioning
The caddisfly fauna of 10 Protected Natural Areas (PNAs) in the southern part of the Russian Far East (9 on the continental part of Primorye Territory, and 1 on Kunashir Island, South Kuriles) were investigated and analyzed based on our own and literature data. The total caddisfly species list of studied PNAs includes 310 species of 90 genera, belonging to 26 families. The Sikhote-Alin Nature Reserve is habitat for 97 species, Udege Legend − 56, Khankaysky − 119, Ussuriisky − 93, Lazovsky − 68, Tiger Call − 42, Kedrovaya Pad − 93, Leopard Land − 80, Far Eastern Marine − 59, and Kurilsky − 87. One hundred fifty-two species are added to lists of caddisflies in studied PNAs including, 5 in Sikhote-Alin, 40 in Udege Legend, 15 in Khankaysky, 11 in Ussuriisky, 8 in Lazovsky, 18 in Tiger Call, 2 in Kedrovaya Pad, 27 in Leopard Land, and 17 in Far Eastern Marine. Among 28 endemic and rare species, some are recommended for inclusion in the Russian Red Lists. A comparison of Trichoptera faunas showed the highest similarity between mountain, forested, well-investigated PNAs: Sikhote-Alin, Kedrovaya Pad, and Ussuriisky. The most distinctive caddisfly fauna is in the insular, southeasternmost Kurile Nature Reserve (63.2% specificity relative to other studied PNAs), and in the unforested lowland Khankaysky Nature Reserve (34.7% specificity). Comparisons of the species lists of closely located areas without accounting for longitudinal distribution of organisms and landscape peculiarities largely helps to identify faunal-landscape complexes, rather than biogeographic differences among faunas. All caddisfly species discovered in the PNAs are considered inhabitants of clean waters and their Tolerance Values are estimated from 0 to 4 (on a scale of 0 to 10) as a starting point.
We examined adult specimens of the Mystacides azureus Species Group (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) collected in Japan and confirm three species including M. azureus Linnaeus 1761 and two new species, M. rivularis and M. moritai. Males and females of the new species are described. Mystacides azureus in Japan is shown to have a considerable variation in morphology of the male tergum X. We analyzed mitochondrial COI barcodes of the genus Mystacides including these three species to confirm their species status. A maximum likelihood phylogeny based on COI barcodes shows monophyly of the new species. It also supports the hypothesis that morphological variation of the male tergum X in Japanese populations is intraspecific in only M. azureus.
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