<i>Francisella tularensis</i> ssp. <i>holarctica</i> in Ringtail Possums, Australia

Eden, John‐Sebastian; Rose, Karrie; Ng, Jimmy; Shī, Mǎng; Wang, Qinning; Sintchenko, Vitali; Holmes, Edward C.

doi:10.3201/eid2307.161863

Cited by 47 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Norway and Finland, both of these major clades have been detected (Karlsson et al, 2013;Müller et al, 2013;Origgi et al, 2014;Afset et al, 2015;Sissonen et al, 2015;Wittwer et al, 2018). Clade B.16 correlates with biovar japonica, isolated in Japan and recently in Turkey (Ulu-Kilic et al, 2013), China (Wang et al, 2014), and Australia (Eden et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…tularensis (Ftt, also referred to as type A) in North America, and F. tularensis subsp. holarctica (Fth, type B), classically in the whole northern hemisphere, but recently detected in Australia (Eden et al, 2017). In France, the first human case was reported in 1945 (Girard et al, 1946), and the bacterium was first isolated from hares in 1947 (Paille, 1950).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in France (1947–2018)

et al. 2020

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Frontiers in Microbiology | www.frontiersin.org March 2020 | Volume 11 | Article 287 Kevin et al. Phylogeography of Francisella tularensis in Francewith the hypothesis of persistence of F. tularensis strains found in Western Europe in the environment, associated with slow replication rates. Moreover, the presence of identical genotypes across long periods of time, and across long distances, supports this hypothesis but also suggests long-distance dispersal of the bacterium.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in France (1947–2018)

et al. 2020

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“…The meta-transcriptomic analytical pipeline was constructed based on the methods previously used in our group [30-32]. Accordingly, RNA sequencing reads were trimmed of low quality bases and adapter sequences and de novo assembled using Trinity 2.1.1 [33].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metagenomic discovery and co-infection of diverse wobbly possum disease viruses and novel hepaciviruses in Australian brushtail possums

Chang

Eden

Hartley

et al. 2019

Preprint

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BackgroundAustralian brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) are an introduced pest species in New Zealand, but native to Australia where they are protected for biodiversity conservation. Wobbly possum disease (WPD) is a fatal neurological disease of Australian brushtail possums described in New Zealand populations that has been associated with infection by the arterivirus (Arteriviridae) wobbly possum disease virus (WPDV-NZ). Clinically, WPD-infected possums present with chronic meningoencephalitis, choroiditis and multifocal neurological symptoms including ataxia, incoordination, and abnormal gait.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective investigation to characterise WPD in native Australian brushtail possums, and used a bulk meta-transcriptomic approach (i.e. total RNA-sequencing) to investigate its potential viral aetiology. PCR assays were developed for case diagnosis and full genome recovery in the face of extensive genetic variation.ResultsWe identified a distinct lineage of arteriviruses from archival tissues of WPD-infected possums in Australia, termed wobbly possum disease virus AU1 and AU2. Phylogenetically, WPDV-AU1 and WPDV-AU2 shared only ∼70% nucleotide similarity to each other and the WPDV-NZ strain, suggestive of a relatively ancient divergence. Notably, we identified a novel and divergent hepacivirus (Flaviviridae) - the first in a marsupial - in both WPD-infected and uninfected possums, indicative of virus co-infection.ConclusionsWe have identified a distinctive marsupial-specific lineage of arteriviruses in mainland Australia that is genetically distinct from that in New Zealand, in some cases co-infecting animals with a novel hepacivirus. Our study provides new insight into the hidden genetic diversity of arteriviruses, the capacity for virus co-infection, and highlights the utility of meta-transcriptomics for disease investigation and surveillance in a One Health context.

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“…These approaches have also been applied diagnostically in a disease setting, including in domestic animals such as cats ( Felis sylvestris ) (16), dogs ( Canis lupus familiaris ) (17), cattle ( Bos taurus ) with respiratory diseases (18–20), and pythons ( Pythonidae ) with neurological signs (21). Notably, meta-transcriptomics has also been used to identify bacterial diseases, such as tularemia infections in Australian ring-tailed possums ( Pseudocheirus peregrinus ) (22). Hence, metagenomic approaches provide the capacity to rapidly and comprehensively map microbial and viral communities and examine their interactions, improving our understanding of animal health and zoonoses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-transcriptomic analysis of virus diversity in urban wild birds with paretic disease

Chang

Eden

Hall

et al. 2020

Preprint

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29Wild birds are major natural reservoirs and potential dispersers of a variety of infectious 30 diseases. As such, it is important to determine the diversity of viruses they carry and use this 31 information to help understand the potential risks of spill-over to humans, domestic animals, and 32 other wildlife. We investigated the potential viral causes of paresis in long-standing, but 33 undiagnosed disease syndromes in wild Australian birds. RNA from diseased birds was extracted 34 and pooled based on tissue type, host species and clinical manifestation for metagenomic 35 sequencing. Using a bulk and unbiased meta-transcriptomic approach, combined with careful 36 clinical investigation and histopathology, we identified a number of novel viruses from the 37 families Astroviridae, Picornaviridae, Polyomaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Parvoviridae, 38 Flaviviridae, and Circoviridae in common urban wild birds including Australian magpies, 39 magpie lark, pied currawongs, Australian ravens, and rainbow lorikeets. In each case the 40 presence of the virus was confirmed by RT-PCR. These data revealed a number of candidate 41 viral pathogens that may contribute to coronary, skeletal muscle, vascular and neuropathology in 42 birds of the Corvidae and Artamidae families, and neuropathology in members of the 43 Psittaculidae. The existence of such a diverse virome in urban avian species highlights the 44 importance and challenges in elucidating the etiology and ecology of wildlife pathogens in urban 45 environments. This information will be increasingly important for managing disease risks and 46 conducting surveillance for potential viral threats to wildlife, livestock and human health. More 47

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Francisella tularensis ssp. holarctica in Ringtail Possums, Australia

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in France (1947–2018)

Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity of Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica in France (1947–2018)

Metagenomic discovery and co-infection of diverse wobbly possum disease viruses and novel hepaciviruses in Australian brushtail possums

Meta-transcriptomic analysis of virus diversity in urban wild birds with paretic disease

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