<i>Francisella tularensis</i>Subspecies<i>holarctica</i>, Tasmania, Australia, 2011

Jackson, Justin; McGregor, Alistair; Cooley, Louise; Ng, Jimmy; Brown, Martin; Ong, Chong Wei; Darcy, Catharine; Sintchenko, Vitali

doi:10.3201/eid1809.111856

Cited by 61 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…holarctica is low. This subspecies has also recently been reported from Tasmania, Australia (Jackson et al 2012). The third subspecies, F. tularensis subsp.…”

Section: The Organismsupporting

confidence: 65%

Occurrence and Control of Tularemia in Drinking Water

Rice

2015

Journal AWWA

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Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia, can be spread by a variety of routes. Contaminated drinking water can serve as one of the means of transmission. The organism is of concern both as a cause of naturally occurring disease and as a potential agent of bioterrorism. This review article summarizes information on drinking water outbreaks, sources of contamination, and the detection and persistence of this bacterial pathogen in the aquatic environment. Information is provided on the adequacy of disinfection processes for controlling the organism in potable water supplies.

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“…holarctica is low. This subspecies has also recently been reported from Tasmania, Australia (Jackson et al 2012). The third subspecies, F. tularensis subsp.…”

Section: The Organismsupporting

confidence: 65%

Occurrence and Control of Tularemia in Drinking Water

Rice

2015

Journal AWWA

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“…Human infection with AIb strains usually have a fulminant clinical progression and are associated with high mortality rates, in contrast with infections by AIa and AII strains or Type B tularaemia [25,30,35]. Recently, this subspecies has also been detected in Tasmania, Australia [36]. Subspecies mediasiatica presents a similar virulence to subspecies holarctica, but its geographic distribution is restricted so far to Central Asia [26,33].…”

Section: Microbiology and Phylogeography Of F Tularensismentioning

confidence: 99%

Tularaemia: A challenging zoonosis

Carvalho

Zé-Zé

et al. 2014

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

109

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a b s t r a c tIn recent years, several emerging zoonotic vector-borne infections with potential impact on human health have been identified in Europe, including tularaemia, caused by Francisella tularensis. This remarkable pathogen, one of the most virulent microorganisms currently known, has been detected in increasingly new settings and in a wide range of wild species, including lagomorphs, rodents, carnivores, fish and invertebrate arthropods. Also, a renewed concern has arisen with regard to F. tularensis: its potential use by bioterrorists. Based on the information published concerning the latest outbreaks, the aim of this paper is to review the main features of the agent, its biology, immunology and epidemiology. Moreover, special focus will be given to zoonotic aspects of the disease, as tularaemia outbreaks in human populations have been frequently associated with disease in animals.

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“…Interestingly, tularemia has not been reported in the United Kingdom, Iceland, Africa, South America and Antarctica. To date, Australia has had only two tularemia cases related to F. tularensis (73,74).…”

Section: Reported Tularemia Cases and Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%