In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity and Structure Activity Relationships of Iridoid Glucosides Derived from Veronica species

Abstract

This study was an investigation of the cytotoxic activity of iridoid glucosides, including aucubin, catalpol, 6-O-acetylcatalpol, veronicoside, catalposide, verproside, amphicoside, veratroylcatalposide, verminoside, aquaticosides B and C isolated from different Veronica species. The cytotoxic activity was determined against Hep-2 (human epidermoid carcinoma), RD (human rhabdomyosarcoma), L-20B (transgenic murine L-cells) cancer cell lines and Vero (African green monkey kidney cells) non-cancerous cell line using the MTT method. While verminoside, amphicoside and veronicoside were found to exhibit cytotoxic activity in the concentration range of 70-355 µM, acetylcatalpol, aquaticosides B and C, catalposide, veratroylcatalposide and verproside showed cytostatic activity. Apoptotic cell death was observed as the effect of verminoside in the histological analysis of the tested cell lines. In conclusion, iridoid glucosides are considered to show a biphasic effect on cancer cells that is both cytostatic and cytotoxic, depending on the chemical structure and the type of cancer cell.

Iridoid content and biological activities ofVeronica cuneifoliasubsp.cuneifoliaandV. cymbalaria

“…While cytotoxic activity of amphicoside (5) and veronicoside (3) found lower than that of verminoside, 6-O-veratroylcatalposide and verproside were found to have cytostatic activity. Catalpol and aucubin did not show any cytotoxic activity against three of the tested cell lines (Saracoglu et al, 2008;Saracoglu & Harput-Hudaverdi, 2009). Our previous results are in good agreement with present results and could be good explanation of the cytototoxic activity of V. cuneifolia subsp.…”

“…cuneifolia showed stronger radical scavenging and cytotoxic activities than V. cymbalaria for all tested concentrations. Cytotoxic activities of aucubin, catalpol, and catalpol derivatives isolated from Veronica species were also determined against Hep-2, RD, and L-20B cell lines, previously (Saracoglu et al, 2008;Saracoglu & Harput-Hudaverdi, 2009). Verminoside (6), the transcaffeic acid ester of catalpol, showed very strong cytotoxicity against tested cell lines.…”

Veronica officinalis Product Authentication Using DNA Metabarcoding and HPLC-MS Reveals Widespread Adulteration with Veronica chamaedrys

“…Saracoglu and Harput (2012) showed that some iridoid glucosides of V. anagallis-aquatica , V. persica Poir, and V. thymoides P.H.Davis subsp. pseudocinerea M.A.Fisch.…”

Phenolic profile, antibacterial, antimutagenic and antitumour evaluation of Veronica urticifolia Jacq.

“…Plants belonging to the genus Veronica and several of their constituents have shown potent cytotoxic activity on different cell lines (Harput et al, 2002a;Teng et al, 2008;Saracoglu and Harput, 2012). In the present study the V. urticifolia methanolic extract was evaluated for its in vivo antitumor properties.…”

“…Regardless of widespread use, mostly as diuretics, for their wound-healing properties and in medical treatment of respiratory diseases, there is a scarcity of physiological evidence to support any claim of therapeutic values for Veronica species. Only few studies confirm that certain Veronica genus reveal considerable bioactivity such as antibacterial (Stojković et al, 2013;Gusev et al, 2012), antioxidant (Živković et al, 2012), anti-inflammatory (Harput et al, 2002a) and cytotoxic (Harput et al, 2002a;Saracoglu and Harput, 2012) activities.…”