<i>In vitro</i>screening of temperate climate forages from a variety of woody plants for their potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia formation

Terranova, Melissa; Kreuzer, Michael; Braun, Ueli; Schwarm, Angela

doi:10.1017/s0021859618000989

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Supplements with low tannin levels provided the most net gas, whereas additions with higher tannin levels produced the lowest. Getachew et al [32] and Terranova et al [33] demonstrated strong connections between CT and gas production, and their findings are consistent with ours. According to Cherdthong et al [13], a positive correlation between gas production and high-CT pellet supplementation could be due to microbial activity stimulation caused by increased adverse microbiological conditions.…”

Section: In Vitro Gas Production Parameterssupporting

confidence: 91%

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In Vitro Screening of Plant Materials to Reduce Ruminal Protozoal Population and Mitigate Ammonia and Methane Emissions

2021

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Alternative feed sources can be utilized to reduce enteric methane (CH4) emissions, a major greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of tropical plants to improve digestibility, reduce protozoal populations, improve rumen fermentation, and minimize methane emissions from ruminants. The plants considered herein grow in tropical climates, are easily accessible in large quantities, and are directly related to human food production. Nine plants that grow naturally in tropical climates were assessed. Plant supplementation substantially enhanced accumulative gas production at 24 h (p < 0.05). The apparent organic matter digestibility (AOMDvt) of the diet was not affected by five of the nine plants. With the addition of the plant material, ammonia nitrogen concentrations were reduced by up to 47% and methane concentrations were reduced by 54%. Five of the nine plant materials reduced methane production in terms of CH4/dry matter and CH4/digestibility of the organic matter by 15–35% and 8–24%, respectively. In conclusion, supplementation with plants with high tannin contents was shown to be a viable strategy for improving rumen fermentation, reducing protozoal populations, and limiting methane emissions. In this regard, the leaves of Piper sarmentosum, Acmella oleracea, Careya arborea, and Anacardium occidentale were especially promising.

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Section: In Vitro Gas Production Parameterssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…This finding was enhanced in part by the fact that high-CT plant materials supplementation resulted in significantly lower VFA concentrations. However, high CT and TP contents in plant materials in the substrate may have a negative effect on rumen microbial activity, decreasing gas kinetics and production [33,35].…”

Section: In Vitro Gas Production Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Screening of Plant Materials to Reduce Ruminal Protozoal Population and Mitigate Ammonia and Methane Emissions

2021

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“…Several screenings of herbal species for their nutrient and phenolic contents have been made. Examples are the studies by Macheboeuf et al (2014), who analysed a large collection of wild plants grown in the French Massif Central Area, Jayanegara et al (2011), who investigated several alpine forages, and Terranova et al (2018), who screened woody plants grown in temperate climatic conditions. Still, data on temperate-climate meadow herbs and herbaceous legumes are scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mature herbs as supplements to ruminant diets: effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation and ammonia production

et al. 2021

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Context High concentrations of crude protein in ruminant diets may lead to excessive production of ruminal ammonia, which may stress the animal’s metabolism and impact nitrogen efficiency. This may become a problem in zero-concentrate feeding systems when pasture grass is rich in crude protein. Polyphenols such as tannins may protect part of dietary protein from ruminal degradation and thus inhibit ammonia formation. Aims The present study screened mature herbs for their potential to mitigate ruminal ammonia formation in cattle, when provided as a supplement to a forage diet. Methods Thirty-five temperate-climate, herbaceous meadow plant species (including three legumes) that appear in biodiverse natural and sown pastures were investigated for their effects on ruminal ammonia production. Aboveground material was harvested during ripening of the seeds and analysed for nutrient and phenol concentrations. Net energy and protein absorbable at the duodenum were calculated. Incubations (24 h) with cattle rumen fluid following the in vitro Hohenheim Gas Test protocol were performed to compare the effects of the test plants on ruminal gas and ammonia formation. Test plants replaced one-third of a basal mixture consisting of 57% Lolium perenne L. and 43% Medicago sativa L. (air-dry-matter basis). Results were compared with those obtained with the basal mixture alone. Key results According to regression analysis, ammonia concentration after incubation was negatively related to concentrations of total extractable phenols and total tannins in feed mixtures, whereas the relationship was weakly positive with dietary crude protein. In 23 and 19 of the test diets, respectively, in vitro gas production (indicating ruminal organic matter digestibility) and ammonia concentrations in the incubation medium after 24 h were significantly lower than with the basal mixture alone. Incubations containing Galium verum L., Leontodon hispidus L., Lotus corniculatus L., Onobrychis viciifolia Scop., Plantago lanceolata L., Sanguisorba minor Scop. and Scabiosa columbaria L. maintained gas production and estimated in vitro organic matter digestibility while at the same time lowering ammonia concentrations. Conclusions Seven mature herbs of a screening of 35 proved to have potential for positive effects on ruminal protein utilisation without impairing fermentation. Implications These herbs are of particular interest as dietary supplements for dairy cows grazing protein-rich pastures.

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“…Most previous research has focused on condensed tannins (Beauchemin et al, 2008). However, vine leaves (Vitis vinifera) contain more hydrolyzable tannins than condensed tannins (Terranova et al, 2018(Terranova et al, , 2020. In vitro, vine leaves proved to be among the most efficient temperate climate shrub leaves in reducing CH 4 (Terranova et al, 2018(Terranova et al, , 2020 and they were palatable to dairy cows despite their significant tannin content (Terranova et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, vine leaves (Vitis vinifera) contain more hydrolyzable tannins than condensed tannins (Terranova et al, 2018(Terranova et al, , 2020. In vitro, vine leaves proved to be among the most efficient temperate climate shrub leaves in reducing CH 4 (Terranova et al, 2018(Terranova et al, , 2020 and they were palatable to dairy cows despite their significant tannin content (Terranova et al, 2020). Other grape vine components, including the residues from pressed grapes, have demonstrated significant antimethanogenic properties in ruminants (Moate et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of early herbage cutting and vine leaves on methane emission, urine nitrogen losses, and the milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows

Birkinshaw

Kreuzer

Sutter³

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

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Methane mitigation in dairy cows is an essential part of combating global warming. Governments and consumers have become increasingly interested in herbagebased feeding, and premium prices are often paid for these types of dairy products. However, this feeding strategy is presumed to produce more methane per unit of feed or milk than corn silage-or concentrate-based diets due to higher fiber intakes. Immature herbage is preferred to maintain dairy cow performance, but the high content of N and digestible fiber may increase methane and urine N emissions compared with more mature herbage. Tannin-containing feeds, such as vine leaves (Vitis vinifera), may help to combat the emissions associated with feeding immature herbage. Our study aimed to evaluate differences between early-stage (ES; 21 d of regrowth) versus late-stage (LS; 42 d) herbage and the effects of vine leaves on methane and nitrogenous emissions and the milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows. Twenty-four mid-to late-lactating dairy cows were randomized to 4 dietary groups (n = 6) in a factorial study design. Each of the 4 diets contained 69% fresh mixed legume-grass herbage, 13% grass hay, and 5% concentrate on a dry matter (DM) basis. Two diets were based on immature fresh mixed legume-grass herbage and grass hay (ES), and 2 contained more mature fresh mixed legume-grass herbage and grass hay (LS). Of these, 1 contained 13% vine leaves (VL+) and the other an additional 13% hay (VL−). No significant differences were observed in DM intake or milk yield across the diets. Methane emission intensity was lowest with ES-VL+ diets compared with LS-VL− diets (−30%; 17.1 vs. 24.5 mg/kg of energy-corrected milk). Methane yield decreased by 17% and 20% when related to the intake of DM and digested organic matter for ES-VL+ compared with LS-VL− diets (16.9 vs. 20.3 g/kg of DM intake; 23.5 vs. 29.3 g/kg of digestible organic matter). Immature grass and vine leaf addition each caused about half of the respective declines. Cows consuming any of the ES diets and the LS-VL+ diet consumed and excreted (urinary N) significantly more N than those consuming LS diets. However, when related to N intake, no differences were recorded. Unexpectedly, vine leaves did not mitigate urine N excretion; however, they lowered the n -6: n -3 ratio and increased concentrations of vaccenic and rumenic acids in both ES and LS diets. Our results demonstrate that feeding immature herbage in combination with vine leaves reduces methane yield; however, the associated high urinary N losses need to be addressed.

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In vitroscreening of temperate climate forages from a variety of woody plants for their potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia formation

Cited by 15 publications

References 38 publications

In Vitro Screening of Plant Materials to Reduce Ruminal Protozoal Population and Mitigate Ammonia and Methane Emissions

In Vitro Screening of Plant Materials to Reduce Ruminal Protozoal Population and Mitigate Ammonia and Methane Emissions

Mature herbs as supplements to ruminant diets: effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation and ammonia production

Effects of early herbage cutting and vine leaves on methane emission, urine nitrogen losses, and the milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows

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