<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Age Distribution of Patients with Laboratory-Detected Respiratory Syncytial Virus — Arizona, 2013–2017

Bridge, Rebecca; Brady, Shane; Erhart, Laura M.; Komatsu, Kenneth

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6808a4

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Since incidence was reduced in many infectious diseases (except for roseola infantum) during the COVID-19 pandemic, the substantial reduction in the incidence of Kawasaki disease in Yamanashi may reflect a reduction in the transmission of infectious diseases due to COVID-19 prevention measures. In this context, common age of onset in Kawasaki disease is similar to the peak ages of onset in common viral infections [33][34][35] . Moreover, common respiratory virus was frequently detectable in the airway specimens from the patients with Kawasaki disease at diagnosis 36,37 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, common age of onset in Kawasaki disease is similar to the peak ages of onset in common viral infections. 33 – 35 Moreover, common respiratory viruses were frequently detectable in the airway specimens from patients with Kawasaki disease at diagnosis. 36 , 37 Taken together our observations with these previous findings, reduced incidence of common infectious diseases in children due to the COVID-19 prevention measures may trigger the reduced incidence of Kawasaki disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease Incidence

Katsumata

Harama

Toda

et al. 2021

Journal of Epidemiology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease Incidence

Katsumata

Harama

Toda

et al. 2021

Journal of Epidemiology

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“…10,13 We assessed whether the shift in the age distribution of reported RSV cases in Arizona over time resulted from a change in RSV testing practices, perhaps capturing a greater proportion of cases in later years than in earlier years among adults aged ≥65 who might not have been tested for RSV otherwise. We explored trends in age and test type initially and found a corresponding relationship between age and testing, 14 but we further examined available data to make a stronger case. We also examined 4 years of surveillance data to identify whether the observed age shift might be associated with changes in the types of laboratory tests used to confirm RSV during this period.…”

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confidence: 99%

Increase in Detection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Among Older Adults in Arizona

et al. 2021

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Objectives Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of respiratory illness, health care visits, and hospitalizations. Arizona, which began conducting laboratory surveillance in 2004, has noted an increase in RSV cases (defined as a laboratory-positive result) among adults aged ≥65, concurrent with increasing reports from polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. We assessed whether the shift in the age distribution of reported RSV cases resulted from a change in RSV testing practices. Methods We used data on laboratory-confirmed RSV cases reported during 2013-2017 from the statewide surveillance system to assess the frequency of test types (rapid antigen, immunofluorescence assay, PCR, and viral culture) by age groups across RSV seasons, and we used logistic regression to estimate changes in odds of receiving a PCR test. We used statewide emergency department hospital discharge data for the same period to assess testing practices regardless of test result. Results The overall proportion of PCR tests among RSV cases increased significantly, from 22% in 2013 to 55% in 2017 ( P < .001). The percentage of RSV cases among adults aged ≥65 also increased significantly, from 4% in 2013 to 11% in 2017 ( P < .001) of RSV cases. Adults aged ≥65 had more than 8 times the odds of positive PCR results than children aged <5, both in crude (odds ratio [OR] = 8.8; 95% CI, 7.6-10.2) and season-adjusted (adjusted OR = 8.1; 95% CI, 7.0-9.5) models. Hospital discharge data corroborated increased RSV PCR usage from 2013 to 2017. Conclusion Increasing RSV rates among adults aged ≥65 are likely a result of changes in testing practices. This age group may need more targeted intervention and future vaccination.

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on respiratory failure caused by respiratory viruses in children and adolescents

Gama,

Ferraro,

Vieira

2024

Front. Pediatr.

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BackgroundIn addition to the direct impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on child/adolescent health, changes in infections caused by other viruses have been observed. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza are important agents of acute respiratory failure (ARF) in these age groups. This study presents an analysis of the influence of the pandemic on the seasonal and clinical patterns of ARF caused by RSV and influenza.MethodsA retrospective ecological study was performed. The data of individuals younger than 20 years who were hospitalized with ARF and who were diagnosed with RSV, influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) between 2019 and 2022 were analysed. The data were collected from the governmental system.ResultsAmong 367,136 individuals, the incidence of ARF increased annually. During the pandemic, the number of infected schoolchildren, adolescents, and nonwhite people; intensive care admissions; and mortality rates increased. Older age, SARS-CoV-2 infection, and residence in North Brazil/Northeast Brazil were associated with lower odds of intensive care unit admission but greater odds of death. Comorbidities were important risk factors for severe disease. There was a drastic reduction in the number of RSV and influenza infections, with a resurgence in 2021. After the resurgence in 2021, the number of influenza-related deaths remained above the 2019 level, which did not occur in 2022. After 2021, RSV infection was associated with greater odds of intensive care admission but not death.ConclusionsDuring the pandemic, older children, adolescents, and individuals with comorbidities were more vulnerable to ARF. There was a reduction in the prevalence and severity of RSV and influenza infections. After this reduction, a resurgence with an out-of-season pattern, but without higher odds of death than in the prepandemic year, was observed for both in 2022.

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Notes from the Field: Age Distribution of Patients with Laboratory-Detected Respiratory Syncytial Virus — Arizona, 2013–2017

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease Incidence

Prevention Measures for COVID-19 and Changes in Kawasaki Disease Incidence

Increase in Detection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Among Older Adults in Arizona

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on respiratory failure caused by respiratory viruses in children and adolescents

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