Pectinatus

Abstract

Pec.ti.na'tus. L. part. adj. pectinatus combed; N.L. masc. n. Pectinatus combed (bacteria). Firmicutes / “Clostridia” / Clostridiales / Veillonellaceae / Pectinatus Slightly curved rods , 0 . 4–0 . 9 μ m in diameter and 2–50 μ m or more in length , with rounded ends. They occur singly, in pairs, and only rarely in short chains. In old cultures, very elongated cells with a helical shape can be found and round cell forms are also observed. Gram‐stain‐negative. According to the cell envelope structure, intermediates between Gram‐stain‐positive and Gram‐stain‐negative bacteria. Cadaverine or putrescine is found in the cell‐wall peptidoglycan. Motile , young cells form an “X” shape during movement whereas old cells have characteristically slow snakelike movements. Flagella emanate from only one side of the cell body . The organisms are obligately anaerobic , non‐spore‐forming mesophiles . They are cytochrome oxidase‐negative and do not produce indole, liquefy gelatin, reduce nitrate, or hydrolyze arginine. Urease and catalase may or may not be produced. The main metabolic products from glucose are propionic and acetic acid . Hydrogen sulfide and acetoin are also produced and succinic and lactic acids may be produced . Originally isolated from spoiled , packaged beer . The habitat outside the brewery is not defined. DNA G + C content ( mol %): 38–41. Type species : Pectinatus cerevisiiphilus Lee, Mabee and Jangaard 1978, 582 AL emend. Schleifer, Leuteritz, Weiss, Ludwig, Kirchhof and Seidel‐Rüfer 1990, 25.