<i>Salmonella</i>Agona Outbreak from Contaminated Aniseed, Germany

Koch, Judith; Schrauder, Annette; Alpers, Katharina; Werber, Dirk; Frank, Christina; Prager, Rita; Rabsch, Wolfgang; Broll, Susanne; Feil, Fernanda; Roggentin, Peter; Bockemühl, J; Tschäpe, Helmut; Ammon, Andrea; Stark, Klaus

doi:10.3201/eid1107.041022

Cited by 72 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, an infection with the Salmonella enterica serovar Agona from contaminated herbal tea bags containing aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L.), fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill. ), and caraway (Carum carvi L.) that broke out among infants under the age of 13 months in Germany from October 2002 to July 2003 (19) put in the spotlight the need for rigid microbiological quality control of medicinal herbs and herbal preparations.…”

Section: Biological Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminants of Medicinal Herbs and Herbal Products

Kosalec

Cvek

Tomić

2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

162

123

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Medicinal plants have a long history of use in therapy throughout the world and still make an important part of traditional medicine. Thus, medicinal plants and herbal products must be safe for the patient (consumer). This review addresses biological contaminants (microbes and other organisms) and chemical contaminants (mycotoxins, toxic elements such as heavy metals, and pesticide residues) as major common contaminants of medicinal herbs and herbal products. To prevent and screen for contamination and ensure safety and conformity to quality standards, medicinal herbs and herbal products should be included in appropriate regulatory framework.

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Section: Biological Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contaminants of Medicinal Herbs and Herbal Products

Kosalec

Cvek

Tomić

2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

162

123

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“…AODAs might be more useful for detecting multicounty or even multistate outbreaks, which are more diffi cult to detect by a single local health department. The latter has been well demonstrated by AODA detection of various foodborne outbreaks in Germany (12,13). National surveillance should focus on the follow-up of signals that indicate potential multicounty or multistate outbreaks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Outbreak Detection Algorithm versus Electronic Reporting System

Straetemans

Altmann²,

Eckmanns³

et al. 2008

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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“…An outbreak of S. Agona in Germany was attributed to contaminated aniseed. This ingredient had been used in the production of several types of herbal teas linked to the outbreak (Koch et al 2005 ). There has been an outbreak due to Salmonella -contaminated paprika-powdered potato chips, which resulted in 1,000 cases of salmonellosis (Lehmacher et al 1995 ).…”

Section: Other Low-moisture Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Powdered Infant Formula

Forsythe

2014

The Microbiological Safety of Low Water Activity Foods and Spices

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"Powdered infant formula" (PIF) is a term used to cover both breast milk fortifi ers and breast milk substitutes. Both are given to neonates who are immunedefi cient. Although their low water activity stops bacterial growth during storage, bacteria are able to grow rapidly following reconstitution. Such organisms may be present through intrinsic contamination or through extrinsic contamination from the water, preparation equipment or carer. This chapter focuses on Cronobacter spp. and Salmonella serovars due the substantiated cases of neonatal infections through the ingestion of contaminated PIF, as emphasized by the three FAO-WHO risk assessments on the microbiological safety of PIF.The taxonomic re-evaluations of the Cronobacter genus are presented, emphasizing the improved understanding using Next Generation Sequencing, along with multilocus sequence typing to reveal clonal lineages. One particular lineage, C. sakazakii clonal complex 4, is particularly associated with neonatal meningitis cases. It is also one of the dominant sequence types that has been isolated from PIF manufacturing plants and PIF. The organism can survive spray-drying and persist for long periods in the dried state. Salmonella is another organism of concern for neonatal infections, and although better understood than Cronobacter there have been rare outbreaks due to atypical, lactose-fermenting strains.

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SalmonellaAgona Outbreak from Contaminated Aniseed, Germany

Cited by 72 publications

References 12 publications

Contaminants of Medicinal Herbs and Herbal Products

Contaminants of Medicinal Herbs and Herbal Products

Automatic Outbreak Detection Algorithm versus Electronic Reporting System

Powdered Infant Formula

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