I-SEP: An Improved Routing Protocol for Heterogeneous WSN for IoT-Based Environmental Monitoring

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is a virtual layer in the paradigm of the Internet of Things (IoT). It inter-relates information associated with the physical domain to the IoT drove computational systems. WSN provides ubiquitous access to location, the status of different entities of the environment, and data acquisition for long-term IoT monitoring. Since energy is a major constraint in the design process of a WSN, recent advances have led to project various energy-efficient protocols. Routing of data involves energy expenditure in considerable amount. In recent times, various heuristic clustering protocols have been discussed to solve the purpose. This article is an improvement of the existing Stable Election Protocol (SEP) that implements a threshold-based cluster head selection for a heterogeneous network. The threshold maintains uniform energy distribution between member and cluster head nodes. The sensor nodes are also categorized into three different types called normal, intermediate and advanced depending on the initial energy supply to distribute the network load evenly. The simulation result shows that the proposed scheme outperforms SEP and DEEC protocols with an improvement of 300% in network lifetime and 56% in throughput.

Optimization of Routing-Based Clustering Approaches in Wireless Sensor Network: Review and Open Research Issues

“…In order to accomplish energy minimization, dual-hop communication is used. It surpasses the other existing protocols in terms of network lifetime and optimization [108][109][110].…”

Bio-Inspired Network Security for 5G-Enabled IoT Applications

“…Moreover, one of the edge layer applications is the wireless sensor network (WSN) that includes a set of sensor nodes that is controlled and managed by a coordinator [34]. WSN is an enabler of technology and one of the main components in IoT environments [35]. Figure 2 shows a graphical abstract of possible applications and security requirements of WSN, IoT, and 5G-IoT systems.…”

Load‐balanced data gathering in Internet of Things using an energy‐aware cuckoo‐search algorithm

“…The proposed algorithm is based on the “percentage LEACH protocol.” It decreases the energy wastage in the network by reducing the communication between CHs and sink. Behera et al 27 improve the existing stable election protocol (SEP) 28 that implements a threshold‐based CH selection for the heterogeneous network. The threshold maintains uniform energy distribution between sensors and CHs.…”