Spondias mombin L. attenuates ventricular remodelling after myocardial infarction associated with oxidative stress and inflammatory modulation

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate Spondias mombin L. (SM) pulp and its influence on cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI). Male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: a sham group (animals underwent simulated surgery) that received standard chow (S; n = 20), an infarcted group that received standard chow (MI; n = 24), an infarcted group supplemented with 100 mg of SM/kg bodyweight/d, (MIS100; n = 23) and an infarcted group supplemented with 250 mg of SM/kg bodyweight/d (MIS250; n = 22). After 3 months of treatment, morphological, functional and biochemical analyses were performed. MI induced structural and functional changes in the left ventricle with worsening systolic and diastolic function, and SM supplementation at different doses did not influence these variables as analysed by echocardiography and an isolated heart study ( P > .05). However, SM supplementation attenuated cardiac remodelling after MI, reducing fibrosis ( P = .047) and hypertrophy ( P = .006). Biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammatory processes and energy metabolism were further investigated in the myocardial tissue. SM supplementation improved the efficiency of energy metabolism and decreased lipid hydroperoxide in the myocardium [group S (n = 8): 267.26 ± 20.7; group MI (n = 8): 330.14 ± 47.3; group MIS100 (n = 8): 313.8 ± 46.2; group MIS250: 294.3 ± 38.0 nmol/mg tissue; P = .032], as well as decreased the activation of the inflammatory pathway after MI. In conclusion, SM supplementation attenuated cardiac remodelling processes after MI. We also found that energy metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with this effect. In addition, SM supplementation at the highest dose is more effective.

Phenolic Compound Profile by UPLC-MS/MS and Encapsulation with Chitosan of Spondias mombin L. Fruit Peel Extract from Cerrado Hotspot—Brazil

“…Phenolic compounds have a phenolic ring that has the ability to stabilize and displace unpaired electrons, and this gives it an antioxidant capacity. For this reason, the assessment of antioxidant activity is strongly present in numerous scientific studies, as it is one of the most important biological activities in the body, such as cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction [39]. It can also influence several other actions, such as: anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory mechanisms, cardioprotective, and antimicrobial, among others [29].…”

Role of Nutrients and Foods in Attenuation of Cardiac Remodeling through Oxidative Stress Pathways

“…The aggression induced by tobacco or infarction caused cardiac hypertrophy, which Spondias attenuated. Lipid products of OS after ingestion of this fruit were reduced in both models [ 48 , 49 ]. In addition, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-like cardioprotective effect was found with Spondias compared to ramipril [ 50 ].…”

Optimization of the drying process of standardized extracts from leaves of Spondias mombin L. using Box–Behnken design and response surface methodology

“…Although the contributions of each marker to the pharmacological properties of the extracts from S. mombin have not yet been fully clarified, several biological activities, such as antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and gastroprotective, have been associated with phenolic constituents such as hydrolyzable tannins and flavonoids (Cabral et al, 2016;Pereira et al, 2020;Silva et al, 2020). Among the most cited properties for EA, the antioxidant activity against oxidative stress is notable.…”