Identification of extracellular nanoparticle subsets by nuclear magnetic resonance

Ullah, Sharif; Живонитко, Владимир В.; Samoylenko, Anatoly; Zhyvolozhnyi, Artem; Viitala, Sirja; Kankaanpää, Santeri; Komulainen, Sanna; Schröder, Leif; Vainio, Seppo; Telkki, Ville‐Veikko

doi:10.1039/d1sc01402a

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, the single scan approach facilitates the use modern hyperpolarization methods to boost sensitivity by several orders of magnitude, allowing low concentration studies even in physiological concentrations, and the observation window can be extended by using heteronuclei such as 13 C with significantly longer T 1 relaxation time than 1 H. 36,38 The method can be exploited to study physical or chemical exchange phenomena in many disciplines ranging from chemistry and biochemistry materials science, including protein-ligand binding, rearrangement of secondary structures of RNA, metabolic processes and exchange phenomena related to novel biomarkers. 38,[49][50][51]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast transverse relaxation exchange NMR spectroscopy

Ullah

Mankinen

Живонитко

et al. 2022

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrafast transverse relaxation exchange NMR spectroscopy

Ullah

Mankinen

Живонитко

et al. 2022

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

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“…Novel methods for fast and reliable assessment of differences in EV composition, caused by external stimuli or resulting from different isolation approaches, are needed. We have recently reported a method for detecting different subsets of EVs with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) 45 . In the present study, we characterized EVs with Raman spectroscopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-gated Raman spectroscopy and proteomics analyses of hypoxic and normoxic renal carcinoma extracellular vesicles

Samoylenko

Kögler

Zhyvolozhnyi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a diverse group of small membrane-encapsulated particles involved in cell–cell communication, but the technologies to characterize EVs are still limited. Hypoxia is a typical condition in solid tumors, and cancer-derived EVs support tumor growth and invasion of tissues by tumor cells. We found that exposure of renal adenocarcinoma cells to hypoxia induced EV secretion and led to notable changes in the EV protein cargo in comparison to normoxia. Proteomics analysis showed overrepresentation of proteins involved in adhesion, such as integrins, in hypoxic EV samples. We further assessed the efficacy of time-gated Raman spectroscopy (TG-RS) and surface-enhanced time-gated Raman spectroscopy (TG-SERS) to characterize EVs. While the conventional continuous wave excitation Raman spectroscopy did not provide a notable signal, prominent signals were obtained with the TG-RS that were further enhanced in the TG-SERS. The Raman signal showed characteristic changes in the amide regions due to alteration in the chemical bonds of the EV proteins. The results illustrate that the TG-RS and the TG-SERS are promising label free technologies to study cellular impact of external stimuli, such as oxygen deficiency, on EV production, as well as differences arising from distinct EV purification protocols.

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“…Over the last three decades, tremendous efforts have been made to explore molecular imaging modalities for EV imaging [Figure 2]. These methods include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), optical imaging, nuclear imaging, magnetic particle imaging (MPI), photoacoustic imaging (PAI), and computed tomography (CT) [49][50][51] . In this section, labeling strategies by which imaging agents are either chemically or physically attached to EVs will be discussed.…”

Section: The Art Of Observation: Non-invasive Imaging Methods For Ev ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Theranostic extracellular vesicles: a concise review of current imaging technologies and labeling strategies

Aafreen¹,

Feng²,

Wang³

et al. 2023

Extracell Vesicles Circ Nucleic Acids

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs), or exosomes, are naturally occurring nano- and micro-sized membrane vesicles playing an essential role in cell-to-cell communication. There is a recent increasing interest in harnessing the therapeutic potential of these natural nanoparticles to develop cell-free regenerative medicine and manufacture highly biocompatible and targeted drug and gene delivery vectors, amongst other applications. In the context of developing novel and effective EV-based therapy, imaging tools are of paramount importance as they can be used to not only elucidate the underlying mechanisms but also provide the basis for optimization and clinical translation. In this review, recent efforts and knowledge advances on EV-based therapies have been briefly introduced, followed by an outline of currently available labeling strategies by which EVs can be conjugated with various imaging agents and/or therapeutic drugs and genes. A comprehensive review of prevailing EV imaging technologies is then presented along with examples and applications, with emphasis on imaging probes and agents, corresponding labeling methods, and the pros and cons of each imaging modality. Finally, the potential of theranostic EVs as a powerful new weapon in the arsenal of regenerative medicine and nanomedicine is summarized and envisioned.

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Identification of extracellular nanoparticle subsets by nuclear magnetic resonance

Abstract: Exosomes are a subset of secreted lipid envelope-encapsulated extracellular vesicles (EVs) of 50-150 nm diameter that can transfer cargo from donor to acceptor cells. In the current purification protocols of...

Cited by 14 publications

References 60 publications

Ultrafast transverse relaxation exchange NMR spectroscopy

Ultrafast transverse relaxation exchange NMR spectroscopy

Time-gated Raman spectroscopy and proteomics analyses of hypoxic and normoxic renal carcinoma extracellular vesicles

Theranostic extracellular vesicles: a concise review of current imaging technologies and labeling strategies

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