Identification of nitrate sources in tap water sources across South Korea using multiple stable isotopes: Implications for land use and water management

Jung, Hyejung; Kim, Yun S.; Yoo, Jisu; Han, So Jeong; Lee, Jeong-Hoon

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161026

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Figure 8 shows a comparison between this study and tropical/subtropical groundwater nitrate contributions, estimated by Bayesian isotope mixing models. In general, our results agree with pan‐tropical/subtropical trends, where the major nitrogen median contributions in mixed land use scenarios are driven by manure and sewage (∼45%) > SN (∼30%) > CF (∼17%) > atmospheric deposition (AD) (∼3%) (Fadhullahet al., 2020; Gribilla et al., 2020; Jung et al., 2023; Liu et al., 2021; Mao et al., 2023; Nyilitya et al., 2021; Saka et al., 2023; Yu et al., 2020). However, our results suggest greater nitrogen AD (Villalobos‐Forbes et al., 2021) and manure and sewage contributions compared to the tropics.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Figure 8 shows a comparison between this study and tropical/subtropical groundwater nitrate contributions, estimated by Bayesian isotope mixing models. In general, our results agree with pan-tropical/subtropical trends, (Fadhullahet al, 2020;Gribilla et al, 2020;Jung et al, 2023;Liu et al, 2021;Mao et al, 2023;Nyilitya et al, 2021;Saka et al, 2023;Yu et al, 2020). AD: Atmospheric deposition; SN: soil nitrogen; CF: chemical fertilizers; and MS: manure and sewage.…”

Section: Tropical and Subtropical Nitrate Groundwater Legacysupporting

confidence: 90%

“…where the major nitrogen median contributions in mixed land use scenarios are driven by manure and sewage (∼45%) > SN (∼30%) > CF (∼17%) > atmospheric deposition (AD) (∼3%) (Fadhullahet al, 2020;Gribilla et al, 2020;Jung et al, 2023;Liu et al, 2021;Mao et al, 2023;Nyilitya et al, 2021;Saka et al, 2023;Yu et al, 2020). However, our results suggest greater nitrogen AD (Villalobos-Forbes et al, 2021) and manure and sewage contributions compared to the tropics.…”

Section: Tropical and Subtropical Nitrate Groundwater Legacymentioning

confidence: 55%

“…In general, depleted compositions are observed in the north-western portion of the basin, whereas enriched compositions are observed toward the eastern domain. These patterns have (Huang et al, 2022;Jung et al, 2023;Weitzmann et al, 2021;Zhang et al, 2022). In general, low Cl − (<2.8 mg/L) was consistently reported in high-elevation springs and in the deeper semi-confined aquifers, whereas greater values (up to 31.4 mg/L) were found in the upper unconfined aquifer unit and low elevation springs (Figure S2 in Supporting Information S1).…”

Section: Isotopic and Ionic Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Typically, manure and sewage have a low NO 3 − /Cl − ratio and high Cl − concentration, whereas agricultural inputs are represented by a high NO 3 − /Cl − ratio and low Cl − concentration. In contrast, soil lixiviates are characterized by a low to moderate NO 3 − /Cl − ratio and low Cl − concentration (Huang et al., 2022; Jung et al., 2023; Weitzmann et al., 2021; Zhang et al., 2022). In general, low Cl − (<2.8 mg/L) was consistently reported in high‐elevation springs and in the deeper semi‐confined aquifers, whereas greater values (up to 31.4 mg/L) were found in the upper unconfined aquifer unit and low elevation springs (Figure S2 in Supporting Information ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrate Legacy in a Tropical and Complex Fractured Volcanic Aquifer System

et al. 2023

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Nitrate legacy is affecting groundwater sources across the tropics. This study describes isotopic and ionic spatial trends across a tropical, fractured, volcanic multi‐aquifer system in central Costa Rica in relation to land use change over four decades. Springs and wells (from 800 to 2,400 m asl) were sampled for NO3− and Cl− concentrations, δ18Owater, δ15NNO3, and δ18ONO3. A Bayesian isotope mixing model was used to estimate potential source contributions to the nitrate legacy in groundwater. Land use change was evaluated using satellite imagery from 1979 to 2019. The lower nitrate concentrations (<1 mg/L NO3−N) were reported in headwater springs near protected forested areas, while greater concentrations (up to ∼63 mg/L) were reported in wells (mid‐ and low‐elevation sites in the unconfined unit) and low‐elevation springs. High‐elevation springs were characterized by low Cl− and moderate NO3−/Cl− ratios, indicating the potential influence of soil nitrogen (SN) inputs. Wells and low‐elevation springs exhibited greater NO3−/Cl− ratios and Cl− concentrations above 100 μmol/L. Bayesian calculations suggest a mixture of sewage (domestic septic tanks), SN (forested recharge areas), and chemical fertilizers (coffee plantations), as a direct result of abrupt land use change in the last 40 years. Our results confirm the incipient trend in increasing groundwater nitrogen and highlight the urgent need for a multi‐municipal plan to transition from domestic septic tanks to regional sewage treatment and sustainable agricultural practices to prevent future groundwater quality degradation effectively.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Figure 8 shows a comparison between this study and tropical/subtropical groundwater nitrate contributions, estimated by Bayesian isotope mixing models. In general, our results agree with pan-tropical/subtropical trends, (Fadhullahet al, 2020;Gribilla et al, 2020;Jung et al, 2023;Liu et al, 2021;Mao et al, 2023;Nyilitya et al, 2021;Saka et al, 2023;Yu et al, 2020). AD: Atmospheric deposition; SN: soil nitrogen; CF: chemical fertilizers; and MS: manure and sewage.…”

Section: Tropical and Subtropical Nitrate Groundwater Legacysupporting

confidence: 90%