Identification of potential biomarkers for early detection of nephrotic changes in type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common endocrine disorders affecting almost 6% of the world’s population. This chronic metabolic disorder affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, fat, water, and electrolytes, leading to structural changes in tissues of many organ systems in the body, especially those of the vascular system. Nephropathy is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus. Persistent albuminuria is the hallmark of diabetic nephropathy. Materials and methods: This is a prospective study carried out in the Department of Biochemistry at Index Medical College, Hospital and Research center, among the people attending the OP/IP departments, based on random selection. Informed consent was taken from the patients. Institutional Ethical Clearance Certificate was obtained. Type 2 diabetic patients with age group of 40 years and above are included in the study. Patients were considered to be diabetic based on WHO criteria for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Results In Table 3, the mean fasting blood glucose level in Group A was 131.71 ±12.04 mg/dl, in Group B was 148.29±13.06 mg/dl and in Group C was 161.92±15.11 mg/dl.