Identification of potential general markers of disease resistance in American oysters, Crassostrea virginica through gene expression studies

Nikapitiya, Chamilani; McDowell, Ian C.; Villamil, Luisa; Muñoz, Pilar; Sohn, Saebom; Gomez‐Chiarri, Marta

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2014.06.015

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Leucine-rich repeat proteins have been described to be involved in the immunity of invertebrates (Wang et al 2016) and metalloendopeptidase, seems to be key component of the response against bacterial infections (Miyoshi and Shinoda, 2000). Galectin is probably associated with haemocytes (Espinosa et al 2016;Vasta et al 2015) and participates in the recognition of glycans of the surface of virus and bacteria (Nikapitiya et al 2014). In good correspondence with the present study, Saavedra et al (2017) also found differences between fast-and slow-growing individuals of the clam Ruditapes decussatus in the immune and defence processes of digestive gland and gills.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gill transcriptomic analysis in fast- and slow-growing individuals of Mytilus galloprovincialis

et al. 2019

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The molecular basis underlying the mechanisms at the origin of growth variation in bivalves is still poorly understood, although several genes have been described as upregulated in fast-growing individuals. In the present study, we reared mussel spat of the species Mytilus galloprovincialis under diets below the pseudofaeces threshold (BP) and above the pseudofaeces threshold (AP). After 3 months, F and S mussels from each condition were selected to obtain 4 experimental groups: FBP, SBP, FAP and SAP. We hypothesized that the nurturing conditions during the growing period would modify the molecular basis of their growth rate differences. To decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying the growth variation, the gill transcriptomes for the four mussel groups were analysed. Gene expression analysis revealed i) a low number (12) of genes differentially expressed in association with diet and ii) 117 genes differentially expressed by the fast-and slow-growing mussels. According to Biological Process GO term analysis transcriptomic differences between the F and S mussels were mainly based on the upregulation of: response to the stimulus, growth and cell activity. Regarding the KEGG terms, carbohydrate metabolism and the Krebs cycle were upregulated in F mussels, whereas biosynthetic processes were upregulated in S mussels. In accordance with their larger gill surface area and higher rates of feeding and growth, the F individuals overexpressed genes in their gill tissues, and these were involved in i) growth (insulin-like growth factors and myostatin); ii) maintenance of the structure and functioning of extracellular matrix (collagen, laminin, fibulin and decorin); iii) filtration and ciliary activity (mucin, fibrocystin, dynein and tilB homolog protein genes); iv) aerobic metabolism (citrate synthase and carbonic anhydrase); and v) the immune-system, probably in association with haemocytes. In contrast, S individuals overexpressed a different series of genes pertaining to immune system (leucine-rich repeat protein and galectin), along with genes involved in the response to cellular stress (Heat shock protein (HSP24) and metalloendopeptidase) as well as anaerobic metabolism (C4-dicarboxylate transporter). These results might suggest that S individuals would have a greater prevalence of pathogens/diseases or a higher susceptibility to the pathogens. Highlights ► Fast-and slow-growing mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) spat were found to differentially express 117 genes in gill tissue. ► Fast-growing mussels overexpressed genes involved in response to stimulus,growth and cell activity processes. ► Slow-growing mussels overexpressed genes involved in immune and defence processes. ► Feeding above or below the pseudofaeces production threshold did not exert a relevant effect on the gill transcriptome.

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Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gill transcriptomic analysis in fast- and slow-growing individuals of Mytilus galloprovincialis

et al. 2019

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“…OsHV-1 infections and disease resistance vs susceptibility traits of oysters (McDowell et al 2014;Nikapitiya et al 2014;Rosani et al 2015). The elevated levels of free 4-HP in OsHV-1 µVar-exposed larvae indicates that collagen degradation in the ECM was enhanced, although further investigation will be required to determine whether the 4-HP accumulations represent negative consequences for the host due to significant cell structure damage.…”

Section: Other Signaturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential expression of novel metabolic and immunological biomarkers in oysters challenged with a virulent strain of OsHV-1

Young

Kesarcodi-Watson

Alfaro

et al. 2017

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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Villas-Bôas, S., Differential expression of novel metabolic and immunological biomarkers in oysters challenged with a virulent strain of OsHV-1, Developmental and Comparative Immunology (2017), doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2017 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. and immunological responses in oyster larvae exposed to OsHV-1 µVar; some of which have 34 not previously been reported in molluscs. Multivariate analyses of entire metabolite profiles 35 were able to separate infected from non-infected larvae. Correlation analysis revealed the 36 presence of major perturbations in the underlying biochemical networks and secondary 37 pathway analysis of functionally-related metabolites identified a number of prospective 38 pathways differentially regulated in virus-exposed larvae. These results provide new insights 39 into the pathogenic mechanisms of OsHV-1 infection in oyster larvae, which may be applied 40 to develop disease mitigation strategies and/or as new phenotypic information for selective 41 breeding programmes aiming to enhance viral resistance. 42

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“…Pesticides have been commonly detected in estuaries and coastal areas as a result of anthropogenic activities (Brown et al 2003, Bayen et al 2007, Renault 2011, Nash 2012, Starner & Goh 2012. This study demonstrated that exposing oysters to imidacloprid at 10 µg l −1 for 53 h prior to infection by OsHV-1 did not influence their mortality or the quantity of OsHV-1 in their tissues, suggesting no change in oyster susceptibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…Estuaries are being increasingly contaminated by pesticides with concentrations that vary seasonally, peaking in spring and summer (Brown et al 2003, Bayen et al 2007, Renault 2011, Nash 2012. Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid, an insecticide which acts as an antagonist of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in the insect neural system (Liu & Casida 1993, Buckingham et al 1997, Matsuda et al 2001.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of air exposure, handling stress and imidacloprid on the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)

Oliver¹,

Fuhrmann²,

Hick³

2019

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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The emergence of the microvariant genotype of Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1 μVar) has caused mass mortalities of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas, resulting in significant economic losses in Europe, New Zealand and Australia. There is variability in the occurrence and severity of disease caused by OsHV-1, with the disease incompletely described by the known complex interactions between host, environment and pathogen. There is a need to evaluate the role of anthropogenic factors on this disease expression due to the number of interactions between humans and oysters. A controlled in vivo laboratory infection model was used to assess changes to the susceptibility of 6 mo old Pacific oysters to OsHV-1 challenge after pre-exposure to combinations of stressors. Pre-exposure of oysters to a concentration of the pesticide imidacloprid consistent with the higher range of environmental contamination in some estuaries had no impact on their survival or OsHV-1 viral load. Oysters pre-exposed to air for 24 h prior to OsHV-1 challenge by cohabitation were more resilient to infection. Moderate physical handling that simulated onfarm handling did not affect survival. This indicates that farm management practices implemented prior to OsHV-1 exposure might not specifically predispose oysters to more severe disease, and more complex confounding factors need to be considered. It is likely that changes in host physiology during emersion provide the host with increased resilience to disease caused by OsHV-1. Continued investigation of the effect of air exposure in the field will aid in validating the results from this laboratory experiment.

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Identification of potential general markers of disease resistance in American oysters, Crassostrea virginica through gene expression studies

Cited by 27 publications

References 60 publications

Gill transcriptomic analysis in fast- and slow-growing individuals of Mytilus galloprovincialis

Gill transcriptomic analysis in fast- and slow-growing individuals of Mytilus galloprovincialis

Differential expression of novel metabolic and immunological biomarkers in oysters challenged with a virulent strain of OsHV-1

Effect of air exposure, handling stress and imidacloprid on the susceptibility of Crassostrea gigas to Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1)

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