Identification of potential hub genes as biomarkers for breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancers

Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) and gynecological cancers have emerged as significant threats to women's health and are known to be among the primary causes of cancer-related fatalities in women. Timely detection and innovative treatment approaches for these diseases have the potential to substantially reduce mortality rates. In the present investigation, a thorough assessment of prospective hub genes was conducted in the context of BC, Ovarian Cancer (OC), and Endometrial Cancer (EC). Initially, a total of 374 overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified within the microarray datasets. The FunRich tool proved instrumental in identifying hub genes, while the STRING database and Cytoscape software were utilized for protein-protein interaction (PPI) network structure analysis. Ultimately, five hub genes (PTEN, SMAD2, FASN, CYCS, and KRAS) were successfully identified. As a result, these genes may serve as potential biomarkers for the aforementioned diseases. Importantly, this study offers valuable insights into all three diseases based on recent molecular advancements. Nonetheless, further research is necessary to accurately quantify the efficacy of these biomarkers.