Identification of soil lead compounds from automotive sources

Olson, K. W.; Skogerboe, R. K.

doi:10.1021/es60101a001

Cited by 120 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…PM in vehicle exhaust is dominated by particles < 10 μm, i.e., PM 10 (Kim et al, 2001). In addition to direct combustion derived particles in urban environments vehicles produce other magnetic PM via abrasion/corrosion in particular brake wear (Olson and Skogerboe, 1975;Österle et al, 2001), which also contains particles < 10 μm (McCrone and Delly, 1973;Gillies and Gertler, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic signature of daily sampled urban atmospheric particles

Muxworthy

Matzka

Dávila

et al. 2003

Atmospheric Environment

104

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The magnetic signature of two sets of daily-sampled particulate matter (PM) collected in Munich, Germany, were examined and compared to variations in other pollution data and meteorological data using principal component analysis. The magnetic signature arising from the magnetic minerals in the PM, was examined using a fast and highly sensitive magnetic remanence measurement. The longest data set studied was 160 days, significantly longer than that of similar magnetic PM studies improving the statistical robustness. It was found that the variations in the mass dependent magnetic parameters displayed a complicated relationship governed by both the meteorological conditions and the PM loading rate, whereas mineralogy/grain-size dependent magnetic parameters displayed little variation. A six-fold increase in the number of vehicles passing the sampling locations only doubled the magnetic remanence of the samples, suggesting that the measured magnetic signature is in addition strongly influenced by dispersion rates. At both localities the saturation isothermal remanent magnetisation (SIRM) was found to be strongly correlated with the PM mass, and it is suggested that measuring SIRM as a proxy for PM monitoring is a viable alternative to magnetic susceptibility when the samples are magnetically too weak. The signal was found to be dominated by magnetite-like grains less than 100 nm in diameter which is thought to be derived primarily from vehicles. Such small grains are known to be particularly dangerous to humans. There was also evidence to suggest from magnetic stability parameters that the magnetite-like grains were covered with an oxidised rim. The concentration of magnetic particulate matter was in the range of 0.3-0.5% by mass.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic signature of daily sampled urban atmospheric particles

Muxworthy

Matzka

Dávila

et al. 2003

Atmospheric Environment

104

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“…It has been determined that lead oxides, carbonates, oxycarbonates, sulfates, and oxysulfates become the most prominent constituents of aged automobile exhaust particles (i.e., those collected at locations more remote from traffic sources) (Ter Haar and Bayard 1971). Lead may also be immobilized by ion exchange with hydrous oxides or clays or by chelation with humic or fulvic acids in the soil (Olson and Skogerboe 1975). In soils with pH ≥5 and with at least 5% organic matter content, atmospheric lead is retained in the upper 2-5 cm of undisturbed soil.…”

Section: Potential For Human Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 18 hours, approximately 75% of the bromine and 30-40% of the chlorine was released, and lead carbonates, oxycarbonates and oxides were produced. These lead oxides are subject to further weathering to form additional carbonates and sulfates (Olson and Skogerboe 1975). Lead particles are emitted from mines and smelters primarily in the form of elemental lead and lead-sulfur compounds, PbSO 4 , PbO·PbSO 4 , and PbS (Corrin and Natusch 1977;EPA 1986a;Spear et al 1998).…”

Section: Airmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Golden Eagle Risk to Lead and Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure: A Review

Herring

Eagles‐Smith

Buck

2017

Journal of Raptor Research

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“…El Pb también se encuentra como componente mayoritario en muestras tomadas en aparcamientos, gasolineras, etc…. es decir, en lugares donde los motores de los vehículos arrancan en frío, y su origen está, muy probablemente, en el proceso de deposición en el sistema de escape que se produce en tales situaciones [25]. Entre un 60% y un 75% del Pb añadido a las gasolinas es emitido por el sistema de escape de los vehículos como sales inorgánicas de Pb y alrededor del 1% es emitido como Pb tetralquilo [26].…”

Section: Concentración De Partículas Y Metalesunclassified

Niveles de metales en partículas atmosféricas en la zona minera de carbón, norte de Colombia

Doria-Argumedo¹,

Fagundo-Castillo²

2017

ITECKNE Innovación E Investigación en Ingeniería

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Resumen− Dada la importancia del efecto sobre la salud de las partículas inhalables PM 10 y los metales asociados a ellas, se evaluaron los niveles de algunos metales (Al, Cr, V, Hg, Pb, Ni, Zn, Cr, As, Se, Cd, Cu, Fe y Co) generados principalmente por las actividades mineras de carbón mineral en la zona de La Guajira, norte de Colombia. Todas las muestras fueron sometidas a un proceso de digestión ácida y analizadas por medio de espectrometría de masas con fuente de plasma de acoplamiento inductivo y la técnica de absorción atómica acoplada a vapor frío para el caso del Hg. Con excepción del Hg, todos los metales analizados presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las zonas de muestreo. La gran mayoría de los metales se presentan en mayor concentración en la zona minera, en comparación con el sitio tomado como testigo ubicado en la ciudad de Riohacha, a una distancia aproximada de 150 km. Por otra parte, para el período global los metales se presentan en mayor concentración en la época de sequía que en la de lluvias. El Pb, V y Hg no exceden el estándar de calidad del aire establecido para Colombia, pero por su parte el As sobrepasa el límite permisible de la OMS en las zonas durante todo el período de muestreo. Adicionalmente el análisis estadístico permitió confirmar la actividad minera como la fuente principal de emisión de este tipo de contaminantes metálicos en la atmósfera sobre la región de La Guajira.Palabras clave− Partículas atmosféricas, metales, zona minera, Colombia.Abstract− Given the importance of the health effects of inhalable particles PM 10 and metals associated with them , the levels were evaluated some metals (Al, Cr, V, Hg , Pb, Ni, Zn , Cr , As , Se, cd , Cu , Fe and Co) generated mainly by coal mining activities in the area of La Guajira , northern Colombia. All samples were subjected to a process of acid digestion and analyzed by mass spectrometry source inductively coupled plasma and the atomic absorption technique coupled with cold steam for the case of Hg. With the exception of Hg, all metals analyzed showed statistically significant differences between sampling areas. The vast majority of the metals are present in higher concentrations in the mining area , compared with the site taken as a witness located in the city of Riohacha, at a distance of 150 Km. Moreover, for the overall period metals present in higher concentrations in the dry season than in the rainy. Pb, V and Hg do not exceed the air quality standard set for Colombia, but meanwhile the Ace exceeds the permissible limit of OMS in areas throughout the sampling period. Further statistical analysis confirmed the mining activity as the main source of emission of this type of metal contaminants in the atmosphere over the region of La Guajira.Keywords− Atmospheric particles, metals, mining area, Colombia INTRODUCCIÓNLa calidad de un medio atmosférico viene determinada por el tipo de componentes que lo forman y el nivel de concentración en el que se encuentran en el aire [1]. Entre los indicadores más impor...

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Identification of soil lead compounds from automotive sources

Cited by 120 publications

References 9 publications

Magnetic signature of daily sampled urban atmospheric particles

Magnetic signature of daily sampled urban atmospheric particles

Characterizing Golden Eagle Risk to Lead and Anticoagulant Rodenticide Exposure: A Review

Niveles de metales en partículas atmosféricas en la zona minera de carbón, norte de Colombia

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