Identifying Citation Contexts: a Review of Strategies and Goals.

Abstract

English. The Citation Contexts of a cited entity can be seen as little tesserae that, fit together, can be exploited to follow the opinion of the scientific community towards that entity as well as to summarize its most important contents. This mosaic is an excellent resource of information also for identifying topic specific synonyms, indexing terms and citers' motivations, i.e. the reasons why authors cite other works. Is a paper cited for comparison, as a source of data or just for additional info? What is the polarity of a citation? Different reasons for citing reveal also different weights of the citations and different impacts of the cited authors that go beyond the mere citation count metrics. Identifying the appropriate Citation Context is the first step toward a multitude of possible analysis and researches. So far, Citation Context have been defined in several ways in literature, related to different purposes, domains and applications. In this paper we present different dimensions of Citation Context investigated by researchers through the years in order to provide an introductory review of the topic to anyone approaching this subject. Italiano. Possiamo pensare ai Contesti Citazionali come tante tessere che, unite, possono essere sfruttate per seguire l'opinione della comunità scientifica riguardo ad un determinato lavoro o per riassumerne i contenuti più importanti. Questo mosaico di informazioni può essere utilizzato per identificare sinonimi specifici e Index Terms nonchè per individuare i motivi degli autori dietro le citazioni. Identificare il Contesto Citazionale ottimaleè il primo passo per numerose analisi e ricerche. Il Contesto Citazionaleè stato definito in diversi modi in letteratura, in relazione a differenti scopi, domini e applicazioni. In questo paper presentiamo le principali dimensioni testuali di Contesto Citazionale investigate dai ricercatori nel corso degli anni.

A meta-analysis of semantic classification of citations

“…Such extended context, constituting of sentences with indirect and implicit references to the cited paper, surrounding the citing sentence are also studied for improved citation classifier performance (Athar and Teufel, 2012b;HERNÁNDEZ-ALVAREZ and GOMEZ, 2016). Rotondi et al (2018) argue the need for considering the subject-domain and the specificity of the language before choosing the citation context width. Detecting the citation context is an importance step as this is considered a pre-requisite for citation classification (Lauscher et al, 2017;Rotondi et al, 2018).…”

“…Rotondi et al (2018) argue the need for considering the subject-domain and the specificity of the language before choosing the citation context width. Detecting the citation context is an importance step as this is considered a pre-requisite for citation classification (Lauscher et al, 2017;Rotondi et al, 2018).…”

“…Often this could be challenging as there are considerable variations in the amount of text surrounding the citations that talk about the cited paper. Rotondi et al (2018) mention the following possibilities for citation context window size: (1) Fixed number of characters -use of 200 characters by ParsCit 20 , (Jurgens et al, 2018), (2) Citing sentence - (Bertin et al, 2016;Garzone and Mercer, 2000;Hassan et al, 2018;Pride et al, 2019;Sula and Miller, 2014;Valenzuela et al, 2015) and (3) Extended context -three or more sentences including the sentences immediately preceding and following the citing sentence (fixed context) Agarwal et al, 2010;Athar and Teufel, 2012a;HERNÁNDEZ-ALVAREZ et al, 2017;Munkhdalai et al, 2016;Nanba et al, 2000;Su et al, 2019;Teufel et al, 2006a) and using all mentions of citations in the article (adaptive context) (Athar and Teufel, 2012b).…”