Identifying Functional MicroRNAs in Macrophages with Polarized Phenotypes

Abstract

Background:Macrophages that respond to external stimuli assume a spectrum of activation states. Results: Expression of several miRNAs was altered significantly in different macrophage activation states. Functional activities on cytokine/chemokine expression were shown. Conclusion: miRNAs influenced macrophage differentiation toward distinct activation patterns. Significance: Profiling miRNA guide and passenger strands can reveal miRNA changes in differentiated cells responding to acute stimuli.

Antisense Oligonucleotide Treatment Enhances the Recovery of Acute Lung Injury through IL-10–Secreting M2-like Macrophage-Induced Expansion of CD4+ Regulatory T Cells

“…Recent evidence indicated miR-155 could be an important fine-tuner for the polarization of macrophages (17,24,58). In line with these findings, we also found that macrophages, which expressed decreased levels of miR-155, displayed an M2-like phenotype in ALI mice.…”

Regulation of Activation-associated MicroRNA Accumulation Rates during Monocyte-to-macrophage Differentiation

“…There were consistent changes in several miRNA passenger strands, but surprisingly there were few miRNA guide strands whose abundance changed significantly in these conditions (14). With the exception of miR-193b, the amplitude of change in the abundance of individual guide strands was less than 2-fold (14).…”

Host antitumor resistance improved by the macrophage polarization in a chimera model of patients with HCC

“…36 These miRNAs repress SHIP in Mf and T cells, and consequently induce M2a/ M2c polarization. 37 SHIP is a negative regulator of IL-4-and IL-13-dependent signal transduction. 38 miR-155 induces FOXP3, which plays an important role in Treg cell survival.…”

“…[40][41][42] Quiescent Mf switch to M1Mf in response to bacterial antigens, and subsequently bacterial LPS or efferocytosis stimulates microRNA expression, leading to M2a polarization. 37 Further, M2aMf switch to quiescent Mf in the absence of IL-4, and are reprogrammed to Mf with function to switch to M1Mf in response to TLR agonists. 43 Therefore, M2aMf exist for a relatively short time.…”