“…There has been an increased application of process-based crop models to address the interactive impact of genotype × environment × management interactions (G×E×M) on crop yield and development under a changing climate (e.g. Zheng et al, 2012;Lobell et al, 2015;Stöckle et al, 2018;Webber et al, 2018;Hunt et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2019Liu et al, , 2020Ababaei and Najeeb, 2020). Crop models have also been extensively adopted in climate change impact and adaptation studies across Australia (Yang et al, 2014;Luo et al, 2018;Hunt et al, 2019;Ababaei and Najeeb, 2020;Liu et al, 2020) and worldwide (Ababaei and Ramezani Etedali, 2017;Stöckle et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2019;Asseng et al, 2015;Challinor et al, 2009a;Pörtner et al, 2014;Rosenzweig et al, 2014).…”