Identifying shelter locations and building air intake risk from release of particulate matter in a three-dimensional street canyon via wind tunnel and CFD simulation

Abstract

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Air Pollution Dispersion Modelling in Urban Environment Using CFD: A Systematic Review

“…A concerning trend is observed: almost half of the reviewed publications either do not comply with the BPGs for the domain dimensions in the flow direction (e.g., [52,[55][56][57][58][59][60], reaching zero distance offsets between the domain boundaries and the outer buildings in [61]), or do not report these important domain parameters (e.g., [16,[62][63][64]). Conversely, there are articles [48,50,[65][66][67][68] where the upstream distance that was used is much higher than the minimum recommendation of 5H, ranging between 14H in [48] and 38H in [68]. The same is true for the downstream distance, which, in papers [15,48,50,[68][69][70][71] ranges from 28H in [69] to 133.3H in [50].…”

“…Conversely, there are articles [48,50,[65][66][67][68] where the upstream distance that was used is much higher than the minimum recommendation of 5H, ranging between 14H in [48] and 38H in [68]. The same is true for the downstream distance, which, in papers [15,48,50,[68][69][70][71] ranges from 28H in [69] to 133.3H in [50].…”

“…It should be noted that the majority of the publications (63%) follow the best practice guidelines for domain height and accept this dimension to be equal or greater than 6H. Some of them even use much higher values: 12H [16], 17H [48], 25H [49], and 33.3H [50]. However, there is still a rather high percentage (19%) that do not comply with the existing recommendations.…”

“…Similar to the trends observed for the other domain dimensions, over 40% of the authors either did not comply with the BPG (e.g., [52][53][54][55]69,73]), or did not report the domain width used in their models (e.g., [62,[74][75][76]). Others, such as [16,[48][49][50][77][78][79], selected much higher values for the investigated parameter, ranging between 24H in [77] and 333.3H in [50].…”

“…(e.g., [46,50,56,61,67,70,72,73,82,83]). A total of 13 papers modelled the pollutant as a particulate matter (PM), which included both PM10 and PM2.5 [48,74,77,[84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93]. In addition, the pollutant in 3 studies consisted of both a gas and PM.…”