Identifying the risk factors for the prevention of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional study

Background: Pregnancy is a positive, fulfilling experience for many, but it can put the mother at the risk of suffering ill-health, disability, or even maternal death. The common causes of maternal death include pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) or gestational hypertension or hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP), post-partum hemorrhage, and pulmonary embolism. Modifications in lifestyle and diet have been widely advocated as a cost-effective strategy to prevent PIH. Objectives: To assess the role of dietary factors in PIH attending antenatal care services at a teaching hospital. Materials and Methods: Pregnant women who were attending the antenatal clinic who were diagnosed with hypertension in pregnancy and normotensive before the pregnancy were included in the study. As per the protocol, informed written consent, demographic details with clinical data were obtained from the patients. A total of 225 antenatal cases having hypertension in pregnancy were included in our study. Results: Majority of the study subjects (81.8%) were taking mixed diets, 50.2% consumed additional salt in their diet, the intake history of visible fat was given by 25.3% and 96.4% consumed tea while 52.9% had a history of consuming junk food. Among the 41 vegetarian study subjects with hypertension in pregnancy, the maximum subjects (73.1%) had preeclampsia followed by gestational hypertension in 23.6% the subjects. The relation between the type of diet and hypertension in pregnancy was found to be statistically insignificant. The relation between visible fat consumption and hypertension in pregnancy was found to be statistically significant. Discussion: The association of dietary factors with HDP could be explained by several factors. One being the high-calorie intake by women with known HDP and those without HDP. The imbalance between the energy intake and expenditure is a potential risk factor and leads to overweight or obesity. Conclusion: The consumption of additional salt in the diet, visible fat, and obesity was found to be associated with HDP in our study.

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“…It provides easily acceptable and cost-effective dividends to policymakers. [ 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of diet on hypertensive disorders during pregnancy

Singh¹,

Sinha²,

Bera

et al. 2021

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Evaluation of Nonthrombocytopenic Preeclampsia and Eclampsia Using Platelet Distribution Width and Plateletcrit

Havle,

Patil,

Patange

et al. 2024

2024 International Conference on Healthcare Innovations, Software and Engineering Technologies (HISET)

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Socioecological factors influencing the risk of developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in India: a rapid review

Alur,

Phipps,

Simmons

2024

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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Background The prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs) in India is 11%, which is one of the highest rates globally. Existing research on HDPs in India primarily focuses on biological risk factors, with minimal research on how socioecological factors combine to increase risk of HDPs. We conducted a rapid review using Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model to understand the social and cultural factors associated with HDPs among Indian pregnant women to identify possible intervention targets that may uniquely improve health in this population. Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model is a framework that can be used to understand the complex relationship between multiple influences on health. Methods We reviewed studies published between January 2010 and January 2024 using PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus databases. Search terms included variants of hypertension, pregnancy, and India. Inclusion criteria were: (1) peer-reviewed journal article; (2) published between January 2010 to January 2024; (3) participants consisted of Indian women living in India; (4) studies evaluated socioecological risk factors associated with HDPs. One independent reviewer performed searches, screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. Each included study was then organized within Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Model. Results A total of 921 studies were generated from the initial search, with 157 exclusions due to duplicates. Following screening for inclusion and exclusion criteria at the title/abstract and full text levels, 17 studies remained in the final review. Socioecological risk factors of HDPs were identified at each level, with the most commonly identified influences including: low socioeconomic status (SES), lacking community education and knowledge on HDP management and prevention, and lacking prenatal HDP screening. Conclusion This study determined that the high risk for HDPs in India is influenced by many intertwined socioecological factors. Women in rural and low SES areas need more health education on HDP management and prevention. There also needs to be more adequate prenatal HDP screening, with at least 4 and ideally 8 prenatal visits. Prenatal screenings should be accompanied with culturally appropriate patient education, especially for low SES women who have limited literacy, so that they can effectively make individual and microsystemic lifestyle decisions aimed at either managing or preventing HDPs.

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Identifying the risk factors for the prevention of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy in a tertiary care hospital: A cross-sectional study

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of diet on hypertensive disorders during pregnancy

Effects of diet on hypertensive disorders during pregnancy

Evaluation of Nonthrombocytopenic Preeclampsia and Eclampsia Using Platelet Distribution Width and Plateletcrit

Socioecological factors influencing the risk of developing hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in India: a rapid review

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