Ideology, Isolation, and Death. An Analysis of the Effects of Bolsonarism in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Fernandes, Ivan Filipe de Almeida Lopes; Fernandes, Gustavo Almeida Lopes; Fernandes, Guilherme; Salvador, Pedro Ivo Camacho Alves

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3654538

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…10 Next, since the coronavirus pandemic is strongly concentrated in Brazil's largest cities, I run the empirical models with the same time period as before, but using only the 1,000 and 100 municipalities with the greatest number of recorded COVID-19 cases (top 1000 and top 100). 11 This limitation of the investigation to the municipalities with a real COVID-19 outbreak is extremely important from a theoretical perspective to exclude the effects of self-selection (see, e.g., Fernandes et al 2020). Our key hypothesis is that Bolsonaro's supporters are persuaded by the president to take the risk of being infected and break the rules of social distancing.…”

Section: Impact Of Support For Bolsonaro On Social Distancingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The empirical analyses of Ajzenman, Cavalcanti, and Da Mata (2020), Karim and Chan (2020), Fernandes et al (2020), and Mariani, Gagete-Miranda, and Retti (2020) are excellent companions to this paper. Karim and Chan (2020) applied the Facebook mobility data to estimate the effect of political party affiliation of municipal mayors on social distancing of the population.…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Since the mobility data provided by these technology companies focuses the mobility measures on specific categories of locations (e.g., transit stations and grocery stores in the Google Community Mobility Reports) or different types of activities (e.g., driving and walking in the Apple Mobility Trends Reports), and are limited to the users of the respective companies, researchers have begun to utilize geospatial information from data companies for the analysis of social distancing (Delen et al 2020). Companies such as SafeGrap, Unacast and VenPath in the US and In Loco in Brazil manage anonymized geolocation data of users of mobile application services and have made their datasets freely available to researchers during the coronavirus pandemic, creating the fundamental cornerstone for a whole range of studies concerning social distancing (see, for the US, e.g., Brzezinski et al 2020;Chiou and Tucker 2020;Coven and Gupta 2020;Farboodi, Jarosch, and Shimer 2020;Painter and Qiu 2020;Villas-Boas, Sears, and Villas-Boas 2020;and for Brazil, e.g., Ajzenman, Cavalcanti, and Da Mata 2020;Fernandes et al 2020;Mariani, Gagete-Miranda, and Retti 2020;Peixoto et al 2020).…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the MARLAS 4(3), 2021, DOI: 10.23870/marlas.327 authors, the residents of Bolsonaro-affiliated municipalities had a 60-percent smaller reduction in regional movement than the residents of the control municipalities. As I do in this paper, Ajzenman, Cavalcanti, and Da Mata (2020), Fernandes et al (2020) and Mariani, Gagete-Miranda, and Retti (2020) combined the electoral results of Bolsonaro in 2018 with the In Loco geolocalized mobile phone data. While Ajzenman, Cavalcanti, and Da Mata (2020) and Mariani, Gagete-Miranda, and Retti (2020) found that social distancing decreased after Bolsonaro's public statements against social isolation policies in those municipalities where he received the majority of votes in the 2018 election, the results of Fernandes et al (2020) indicate that the higher the proportion of votes for Bolsonaro in any given municipality in 2018, the higher the number of COVID-19 deaths there, corresponding to higher transmission rates caused by a lower rate of effective social isolation.…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with the studies mentioned above, this paper presents some methodological differences: First, I focus the empirical investigation on physical distancing during the pandemic, applying the Social Distancing Index (SDI) based on geolocalized mobile phone data as a dependent variable in the empirical analysis, and not as an instrumental variable to investigate the COVID-19 outputs-measured in terms of the number of deaths, confirmed cases, and mortality rate-as in Fernandes et al (2020). Second, this paper seeks to develop a novel approach, with the goal of expanding the empirical investigation to the municipalities where Bolsonaro had low political support.…”

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Harmful Effects of Denial: When Political Polarization meets COVID-19 Social Distancing

Leone

2021

MARLAS

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This work uses anonymized geolocation data from 60 million mobile phone users in Brazil to quantify the impact of coronavirus lockdown measures on social distancing. The results confirm that the current share of the population staying home is lower than the target set by the public authorities to combat the spread of COVID-19. Using difference-indifference and panel data regression to evaluate the determinants of social distancing, this paper confirms a statistically significant association between political support for Bolsonaro and social distancing. Since the Brazilian president is urging the population to ignore the COVID-19 "hysteria" and get back to a normal routine, the impact of social distancing rules on the circulation of people is lower at a statistically significant level in municipalities with a higher share of Bolsonaro voters.

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Section: Impact Of Support For Bolsonaro On Social Distancingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction and Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Harmful Effects of Denial: When Political Polarization meets COVID-19 Social Distancing

Leone

2021

MARLAS

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Cooperation dynamics under pandemic risks and heterogeneous economic interdependence

Chica

Hernández

Santos

2022

Chaos, Solitons & Fractals

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The spread of COVID-19 and ensuing containment measures have accentuated the profound interdependence among nations or regions. This has been particularly evident in tourism, one of the sectors most affected by uncoordinated mobility restrictions. The impact of this interdependence on the tendency to adopt less or more restrictive measures is hard to evaluate, more so if diversity in economic exposures to citizens’ mobility are considered. Here, we address this problem by developing an analytical and computational game-theoretical model encompassing the conflicts arising from the need to control the economic effects of global risks, such as in the COVID-19 pandemic. The model includes the individual costs derived from severe restrictions imposed by governments, including the resulting economic interdependence among all the parties involved in the game. By using tourism-based data, the model is enriched with actual heterogeneous income losses, such that every player has a different economic cost when applying restrictions. We show that economic interdependence enhances cooperation because of the decline in the expected payoffs by free-riding parties (i.e., those neglecting the application of mobility restrictions). Furthermore, we show (analytically and through numerical simulations) that these cross-exposures can transform the nature of the cooperation dilemma each region or country faces, modifying the position of the fixed points and the size of the basins of attraction that characterize this class of games. Finally, our results suggest that heterogeneity among regions may be used to leverage the impact of intervention policies by ensuring an agreement among the most relevant initial set of cooperators.

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The Dilemmas and Improvement Strategies of China’s Informal Economy in the Post Epidemic Era

Chen,

Liu,

Xiong

2024

SHS Web Conf.

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This research explores the development trend of the informal economy after the Covid-19 pandemic and the ways to avoid the increase informal economy. The paper discusses the development process of the informal economy, the difficulties it faces, and the causes of its emergence. Based on the detailed analysis of the current situation of informal economy and its possible impact on society, this paper points out that solutions should be implemented from the perspectives of government, enterprises and individuals, which prevent the informal economy from growing at an uncontrollable rate. For example, once the government’s five insurance policies are formulated and laws and regulations are publicized; And the way enterprises treat new technical talents have affected the informal economy to some extent. The research of this paper will increase the understanding and attention of the society to the informal economy. Providing some substantial improvement strategies for the current informal economic system will help more people benefit from the regulated economic system.

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Ideology, Isolation, and Death. An Analysis of the Effects of Bolsonarism in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

The Harmful Effects of Denial: When Political Polarization meets COVID-19 Social Distancing

The Harmful Effects of Denial: When Political Polarization meets COVID-19 Social Distancing

Cooperation dynamics under pandemic risks and heterogeneous economic interdependence

The Dilemmas and Improvement Strategies of China’s Informal Economy in the Post Epidemic Era

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