IETF Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) Architecture

Faucheur, François Le

doi:10.1109/icatm.1998.688153

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…This has the benefits of simplifying the packet-forwarding engine [7] , enabling easy scaling to terabit rates and enhancing service provisioning capabilities [8] . Furthermore, it decouples forwarding from routing [5][6][7] , enabling one to apply new specialized or customized routing services without requiring changes in the forwarding path.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At subsequent routers, there is no further analysis of the packet's network layer header [5] . Rather, the entire journey of the packet inside the MPLS-based network will be based on the label only.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The architecture of a typical OPS node in a slotted network is shown in Fig. 1 [4] . [5,6] is a key development in Internet technologies that will assist in adding a number of essential capabilities to today's best effort IP-based networks. It replaces the standard destination-based hop-by-hop forwarding paradigm in IP-based networks with a label swapping-forwarding paradigm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MPLS over Segmented WDM Optical Packet Switching Networks

Mellah¹,

Abbou²

2006

J. of Computer Science

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Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is a promising solution for data transport in future all-optical wide area networks. Such networks consist of fibers joined by dynamically controllable cross-connects which provide purely optical transport between pairs of network access stations. Optical packet switching (OPS) is optical switching with the finest granularity. Incoming packets are switched all-optically without being converted to electrical signal. There are two categories of OPS networks. Slotted (synchronous) OPS networks, in which all the packets have the same size and unslotted (asynchronous) OPS networks, where packets may or may not have the same size. In this study we propose to integrate MPLS over slotted OPS networks by aggregating optical packets into a labeled optical burst. The burst has a fixed number of packets (segments). The number of segments in each burst is encoded in the experimental field of the MPLS header.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MPLS over Segmented WDM Optical Packet Switching Networks

Mellah¹,

Abbou²

2006

J. of Computer Science

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“…Many technologies are therefore being developed to enhance the QoS capability of IP networks. Among these technologies, differentiated services (DiffServ) [1][2][3] and multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) [4][5][6] are paving the way for tomorrow's QoS services portfolio.DiffServ is based on a simple model where traffic entering a network is classified, policed, and possibly conditioned at the edges of the network, and assigned to different behavior aggregates. Each behavior aggregate is identified by a single DS codepoint (DSCP).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To interoperate these domains, EXP-Inferred-PSC SLP (EXP-LSP) and Label-LSP models are proposed [5]. EXP-LSP provides no more than eight bandwidth aggregate (BA) classes but scale better.…”

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confidence: 99%

QoS routing granularity in MPLS networks

2002

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This study investigates how constraint-based routing decision granularity significantly affects the scalability and blocking performance of QoS routing in an MPLS network. Coarse granularity, such as per-destination, has lower storage and computational overheads but is only suitable for best effort traffic. On the other hand, fine granularity, such as per-flow, provides lower blocking probability for bandwidth requests, but requires a huge number of states and high computational cost. To achieve cost-effective scalability, this study proposes using hybrid granularity schemes. The overflowed cache of the per-pair/flow scheme adds a per-pair cache and a per-flow cache as the routing cache, and performs well in blocking probability. The per-pair/class scheme groups the flows into several paths using routing marks, thus allowing packets to be label-forwarded with a bounded cache. INTRODUCTIONThe Internet provides users diverse and essential quality of service (QoS), particularly given the increasing demand for a wide spectrum of network services. Many services, previously only provided by traditional circuit-switched networks, can now be provided on the Internet. These services, depending on their inherent characteristics, require certain degrees of QoS guarantees. Many technologies are therefore being developed to enhance the QoS capability of IP networks. Among these technologies, differentiated services (DiffServ) [1][2][3] and multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) [4][5][6] are paving the way for tomorrow's QoS services portfolio.DiffServ is based on a simple model where traffic entering a network is classified, policed, and possibly conditioned at the edges of the network, and assigned to different behavior aggregates. Each behavior aggregate is identified by a single DS codepoint (DSCP). At the core of the network, packets are fast forwarded according to the per-hop behavior (PHB) associated with the DSCP. By assigning traffic of different classes to different DSCPs, the DiffServ network provides different forwarding treatments and thus different levels of QoS.MPLS integrates the label swapping forwarding paradigm with network layer routing. First, an explicit path, called a label switched path (LSP), is determined, and established using a signaling protocol. A label in the packet header, rather than the IP destination address, is then used for making forwarding decisions in the network. Routers that support MPLS are called label switched routers (LSRs). The labels can be assigned to represent routes of various granularities, ranging from as coarse as the destination network down to the level of each single flow. Moreover, numerous traffic engineering functions have been effectively achieved by MPLS. When MPLS is combined with DiffServ and constraint-based routing, they become powerful and complementary abstractions for QoS provisioning in IP backbone networks.Constraint-based routing is used to compute routes that are subject to multiple constraints, namely explicit route and QoS constraints. Explicit ...

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