IgM Antibodies Specific for Epstein-Barr Virus in Infectious Mononucleosis without Heterophil Antibodies

Nikoskelainen, J; Leikola, J.; Klemola, E

doi:10.1136/bmj.4.5936.72

Cited by 90 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These are due to either polyclonal stimulation of memory lymphocytes or cross-reaction to antigenically related pathogens. The most important reactivity from the point of view of diagnosing IM is the reactivity due to cross-reaction with CMV (5, 11), since this virus is the second most important agent producing a mononucleosis syndrome (5,7,12). All the assays compared, including IIF, which was used as the reference assay, showed positive results when well-documented cases of primary infection by CMV were analyzed (by detection of specific IgM and low-avidity IgG).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Four Commercial Systems for the Diagnosis of Epstein-Barr Virus Primary Infections

Ory

Guisasola

Sanz

et al. 2011

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of these, the most frequent one is CMV, which can cause up to 7% of the cases of mononucleosis syndromes (4,5,12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Four Commercial Systems for the Diagnosis of Epstein-Barr Virus Primary Infections

Ory

Guisasola

Sanz

et al. 2011

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…Unlike primary infection in normal subjects, not all patients developed IgM antibodies to VCA early or antibodies to EBNA late in their course [24,25], and no patient with primary infection developed a heterophil agglutination titer. It is possible, of course, that in some cases a transient IgM titer was missed [26].…”

Section: Development Of Antibodies To Ebv Antigens In Patients With Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein-Barr Virus Infections and DNA Hybridization Studies in Posttransplantation Lymphoma and Lymphoproliferative Lesions: The Role of Primary Infection

Ho¹,

Miller²,

Atchison³

et al. 1985

Journal of Infectious Diseases

431

161

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Fourteen patients who developed B cell lymphomas or lymphoproliferative lesions after kidney, liver, heart, or heart-lung transplantation in Pittsburgh during [1981][1982][1983] had active infection with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) of the primary (six patients), reactivated (seven patients), or chronic (one patient) type. In transplant patients without tumors, the incidence of EBV infection was 30% (39 of 128). Only three of these patients had primary infections. Thus the frequency of active infection was significantly higher in patients with tumors, and patients with primary infections were at greater risk of developing tumors. Five of 13 tumors tested contained EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) and nine of 11 contained EBV genomes detected by DNA-DNA hybridization with BamHI K, BamHI W, or EcoRI B cloned probes. All EBNA-positive tumors, except one, were also positive by hybridization. Only one tumor was negative for both EBNA and EBV DNA. These data suggest that EBV plays an etiologic role in the development of these lesions.Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human herpesvirus associated with an array of conditions that range from inapparent infection and infectious mononucleosis to lethal lymphoproliferative syndromes, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, and B cell lymphomas in immunocompromised patients [1]. The precise role of the virus in carcinogenesis is unclear, although in Burkitt's lymphoma the importance of viral transformation of infected B lymphocytes and chromosomal translocations has been emphasized [2]. It is even less clear in lymphomas and lymphoproliferative lesions arising in immuno-compromised patients, where the immunopathology may not be uniform and where chromosomal studies are largely lacking.Recently, we reported on the reversibility of lymphomas and lymphoproliferative lesions in a series of 17 transplant patients after reduction of cyclosporine and steroid immunosuppression [3]. In that preliminary report we noted that seven of these patients had evidence of primary EBV infections and eight had evidence of reactivated infection. Six tumors had evidence of EBV nuclear antigen (EBNA) and seven had evidence of EBV DNA by nucleic acid hybridization. [6] reported the results of studies on 19 renal transplant patients who developed lymphoproliferative disorders and lymphomas after transplantation. All the patients except one were receiving azathioprine, prednisone, and antithymocyte globulin. Two of their patients developed primary EBV infection, in six the infection reactivated, and 12 had evidence of EBV DNA in their tumors by hybridization studies. Bieber et al. [7] reported that five of 39 heart transplant recipients receiving cyclosporine, prednisone, and antithymocyte globulin developed lymphomas. Four tumors were positive for EBV DNA by cRNA-DNA filter hybridization, and three patients had serological evidence of EBV infection.We report here evidence for active EBV infection in all of our patients with tumors and a significantly higher frequency of primary infection than found i...

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“…A titre > 1/8 was considered positive. For the detection of EBVanti-VCA antibodies the method of indirect im munofluorescence described by Henle and Henle (5) was used, and for the IgM anti-VCA the in direct immunofluorescence of Nikoskelainen et al (9) was carried out. As substrate the lymphoblastoid cell line HRIK from Burkitt lymphoma was used (Bionetics Laboratories, USA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Polytransfused Patients with Homozygous β-Thalassaemia

Papaevangelou¹,

Economidou²,

Roumeliotou³

et al. 1979

Vox Sanguinis

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The frequency of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been studied in 149 polytransfused thalassaemic patients and in healthy controls. Evidence for EBV infection was based on the detection of antibodies to viral capsid antigen (anti-VC A) and for HBV infection on the detection of either hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) or hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs). The frequency of anti-VCA was not significantly higher in the patients (16.4%) compared to the controls (69.8%) whereas HBV infection was more frequently observed in the patients (91.3%) than in the controls (17.3%). There was also no evidence of repeated infection or recent infection with EBV in the polytransfused patients. These data suggest that transfusion of stored blood does not represent a significant factor of spread for EBV.

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IgM Antibodies Specific for Epstein-Barr Virus in Infectious Mononucleosis without Heterophil Antibodies

Cited by 90 publications

References 18 publications

Evaluation of Four Commercial Systems for the Diagnosis of Epstein-Barr Virus Primary Infections

Evaluation of Four Commercial Systems for the Diagnosis of Epstein-Barr Virus Primary Infections

Epstein-Barr Virus Infections and DNA Hybridization Studies in Posttransplantation Lymphoma and Lymphoproliferative Lesions: The Role of Primary Infection

Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Polytransfused Patients with Homozygous β-Thalassaemia

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