Image Steganography using Inverted LSB based on 2nd, 3rd and 4th LSB pattern

Rafrastara, Fauzi Adi; Prahasiwi, Raka; Setiadi, De Rosal Ignatius Moses; Rachmawanto, Eko Hari; Sari, Christy Atika

doi:10.1109/icoiact46704.2019.8938503

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, the original Arnold transform is limited to the shuffling of square images. In [4], the authors applied the Arnold transform to non-square images by dividing the 128×256 image into two 128×128 images to execute the Arnold transform individually before integration. Based on this method, we propose an improved Arnold transform for nonsquare images.…”

Section: Non-square Arnold Transformmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a typical data hiding algorithm, the least significant bit (LSB) method is a success in high capacity and simplicity. After it was proposed, many people proposed ways to improve or comprehensively apply it to further improve embedding capacity, imperceptibility, and/or security [4]. To enhance the imperceptibility and security of the LSB algorithm, Candra Irawan et al [5] combined it with the OTP algorithm to conceal information at the image edge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secure transmission of sensing data based on Arnold transform and steganography technique

Zhang,

Wan

2024

Fourth International Conference on Computer Vision and Data Mining (ICCVDM 2023)

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In some IoT applications, the sensing layer often collects images and various temporal data. Usually, some temporal data represents sensitive or private information. In order to protect the temporal data, and at the same to reduce data traffic transmitted through the Internet of Things, this paper proposes a secure transmission method for sensitive data based on Arnold transform and steganography technique. In this method, an Arnold transform which is usually used in scrambling images is applied to encrypt sensitive sequential data. It is achieved by re-organizing the position of data elements in a matrix, not necessarily a square matrix. Then, the sensitive data in the matrix is embedded row by row in a carrier image using a novel data hiding technique, namely, capacity adaptive algorithm. Through the above dual processing, the sensitive data is less likely to be detected by a third party during transmission. The experimental results indicate that the method achieves high performance in safeguarding the security and privacy of sensitive data. In addition, the method offers numerous benefits, including high efficiency and scalability in data hiding capacity, and low computational cost, making it widely applicable for practical data transmission.

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Section: Non-square Arnold Transformmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secure transmission of sensing data based on Arnold transform and steganography technique

Zhang,

Wan

2024

Fourth International Conference on Computer Vision and Data Mining (ICCVDM 2023)

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“…Algoritma Least Significant Bit (LSB) merupakan algoritma steganografi yang sederhana dan mudah untuk diterapkan. Untuk menerapkan metode ini, misalkan berkas pembawa yang akan digunakan berupa gambar atau citra digital, setiap pixel didalam citra dapat berukuran 1 sampai 3 byte [12]- [14]. Metode LSB yang digunakan pada penyembunyian pesan berbeda sesuai dengan kategori berkas.…”

Section: Gambar 4 Proses Decoding Steganografiunclassified

Analisa Visual Citra Hasil Kombinasi Steganografi dan Kriptografi Berbasis Least Significant Bit Dalam Cipher

Mulyono

Kusumawati

Ningrum

2023

JMASIF

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Kriptografi dan steganografi adalah teknik yang digunakan untuk mengamankan data untuk meminimalkan pencurian data dan akses oleh orang yang tidak berwenang. Kombinasi Rivest Cipher 4 - Least Significant Bit diusulkan dalam penelitian ini untuk memberikan perlindungan bagi pesan dan berbagai format file yang tertanam dalam gambar digital. Pesan rahasia dienkripsi dengan metode RC4 sebelum dimasukkan kedalam gambar menggunakan LSB. Studi ini juga menganalisis kinerja kombinasi algoritma LSB – RC4 pada berbagai file dan ukuran gambar sampul. Gambar sampul menggunakan gambar dengan saluran RGB. Untuk pengukuran kinerja imperceptibilitas digunakan Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), dan analisis histogram.Nilai rata – rata PSNR yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini lebih dari 30 dB, ini membuktikan bahwa kualitas gambar stego sangat baik dan kualitas gambar stego yang baik memiliki nilai PSNR minimal 30 dB. Nilai PSNR yang didapatkan secara keseluruhan lebih dari 30 dB dengan nilai terendahnya 45,15 dB dengan ukuran citra 128x128 pixel.

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“…Rafrastara et al [120] propose modifying the inverted LSB approach based on the second, third, and fourth LSB bits. The strategy is tested by assuming that each pixel of the cover picture is pinned to one message bit.…”

Section: Literature-based High Psnrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secure Data Transfer over Internet Using Image Steganography: Review

Abdullah

Ameen

Omar

et al. 2021

AJRCoS

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Whether it's for work or personal well-being, keeping secrets or private information has become part of our everyday existence. Therefore, several researchers acquire an entire focus on secure transmitting secret information. Confidential information is collectively referred to as Steganography for inconspicuous digital media such as video, audio, and images. In disguising information, Steganography plays a significant role. Traditional Steganography faces a further concern of discovery as steganalysis develops. The safety of present steganographic technologies thus has to be improved. In this research, some of the techniques that have been used to hide information inside images have been reviewed. According to the hiding domain, these techniques can be divided into two main parts: The spatial Domain and Transform Domain. In this paper, three methods for each Domain have been chosen to be studied and evaluated. These are; Least Significant Bit (LSB), Pixel Value Difference (PVD), Exploiting Modification Direction (EMD), contourlet transform, Discrete Wavelet Transformation (DWT), and, Discrete Cosine Transformation (DCT). Finally, the best results that have been obtained in terms of higher PSNR, Capacity, and more robustness and security are discussed.

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Image Steganography using Inverted LSB based on 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th LSB pattern

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Secure transmission of sensing data based on Arnold transform and steganography technique

Secure transmission of sensing data based on Arnold transform and steganography technique

Analisa Visual Citra Hasil Kombinasi Steganografi dan Kriptografi Berbasis Least Significant Bit Dalam Cipher

Secure Data Transfer over Internet Using Image Steganography: Review

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