Imaging changes in the polarity of lipid droplets during NAFLD-Induced ferroptosis via a red-emitting fluorescent probe with a large Stokes shift

A D–π–A-type ratiometric fluorescent probe to detect polarity changes and inhibition effect during ferroptosis

“…32 Meanwhile, Wang et al used the D–π–A technique to fabricate a fluorescent probe (LIP-Ser) that identified polarity variations in lipid droplets as well as showing that ferroptosis is promoted by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. 33 Additionally, Xu and co-workers designed a near-infrared fluorescent probe (BA-PTZ) via the D–π–A mechanism to measure polarity variations and HClO in lipid droplets during ferroptosis. 34 As very limited research has been done on this, this inspires us to design a ratiometric D–π–A-type fluorescent probe to identify the polarity changes and the inhibition effect during ferroptosis.…”

Improved lipophilic probe for visualizing lipid droplets in erastin-induced ferroptosis

“…For instance, one example includes a coumarin-quinolinium scaffold that enables simultaneous targeting of LDs and the nucleolus and is used for distinguishing ferroptosis from apoptosis. 16 Other examples encompass fluorophores with benzothiazole, 9 quinoline, 17 aurone, 18 or thiophene 19 containing substituted with triphenylamine donors, cyanine, 20 quinoline-malononitrile-carbazole, 21 and a double rotor scaffold with benzothiazole. 10 These molecules facilitate LD imaging and studying physiological processes such as cytoplasmic viscosity during ferroptosis.…”

A wash-free fluorescent probe with a large Stokes shift for the identification of NAFL through tracing the change of lipid droplets

“…12–14 For instance, in 2022, the team of Peiyao Xie 15 designed a fluorescent probe TPA-SO2 , which can simultaneously detect SO 2 and LD polarity during ferroptosis. In 2023, the Weibo Wang group 16 developed a LD probe LIP-Ser and conducted comprehensive investigations into the relationship between NAFL and ferroptosis at both cellular and in vivo levels. In the same year, Baoping Zhai and the co-authors 17 constructed a polarity-sensitive two-photon fluorescent probe LIP-Pola to target LDs, and it can be exploited to monitor the change of LD polarity during ferroptosis.…”