Imaging Local Polarization in Ferroelectric Thin Films by Coherent X-Ray Bragg Projection Ptychography

Hruszkewycz, S. O.; Highland, Matthew J.; Holt, Martin V.; Kim, Dong-Jin; Folkman, C. M.; Thompson, Carol; Tripathi, Ashish; Stephenson, G. B.; Hong, Seungbum; Fuoss, P. H.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.110.177601

Cited by 73 publications

(56 citation statements)

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“…We note here that the experimental data collection methodology of 3DBPP is exactly the same as that of previously reported 2D BPP experiments [16][17][18]35], however using our new imaging concept, 3D images can now be reconstructed from data that previously yielded 2D projection images. Using these Bragg diffraction patterns, a 3DBPP reconstruction was generated using an iterative algorithm that incorporated the gradient in Equation 4 into an ordered subset / PIE framework [30,31].…”

Section: Experimental Demonstrationmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…the phase and amplitude of ρ are related to the Bragg structure factor [17], which is sensitive to atomic-scale structure in the material. Our aim is to reconstruct ρ, thereby imaging the diffraction structure factor in order to quantify local distortions of the crystal lattice.…”

Section: Principles Of the 3d Bragg Projection Ptychographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This property of x-ray diffraction is known as the "slice-projection theorem" (SPT) [19, Sec. 6.3.3], and it enables 2D and 3D imaging by various methods in both transmission and Bragg reflection geometries [16][17][18].In particular, the slice-projection theorem forms the foundation of modern x-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging algorithms. At its core, CT involves measuring projections of the scattering volume as a function of azimuthal sample angle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, the backprojection intersects the probe at an oblique angle, effectively localizing the scattering volume. With 3DBPP, ρ was reconstructed (f,g) using these operators from a set of 2D coherent Bragg diffraction intensity patterns (See Methods for details).the phase and amplitude of ρ are related to the Bragg structure factor [17], which is sensitive to atomic-scale structure in the material. Our aim is to reconstruct ρ, thereby imaging the diffraction structure factor in order to quantify local distortions of the crystal lattice.…”

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confidence: 99%

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High-resolution three-dimensional structural microscopy by single-angle Bragg ptychography

et al. 2016

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We present an efficient method of imaging 3D nanoscale lattice behavior and strain fields in crystalline materials with a new methodology -three dimensional Bragg projection ptychography (3DBPP). In this method, the 2D sample structure information encoded in a coherent high-angle Bragg peak measured at a fixed angle is combined with the real-space scanning probe positions to reconstruct the 3D sample structure. This work introduces an entirely new means of three dimensional structural imaging of nanoscale materials and eliminates the experimental complexities associated with rotating nanoscale samples. We present the framework for the method and demonstrate our approach with a numerical demonstration, an analytical derivation, and an experimental reconstruction of lattice distortions in a component of a nanoelectronic prototype device.Inversion methods provide a powerful alternative to traditional objective-lens-based microscopy. Techniques that numerically invert coherent diffraction patterns into real space images have provided substantial gains in resolution and sensitivity in certain optical, electron, and x-ray microscopy experiments, especially where image-forming lenses are inefficient or difficult to incorporate. The resulting images, formed by inverting reciprocal space diffraction patterns, contain quantitative information that encodes local physical parameters such as permittivity, density, and atomic displacement at sub-beam-size spatial resolutions.When implemented with hard x-rays, these coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) techniques have enhanced our understanding of the internal structure of nano-and meso-scale materials, especially in operating environments that are difficult to access with other probes. Furthermore, x-ray microscopy methods based on Bragg diffraction are of particular interest because the sensitivity of x-rays to crystalline distortions in materials can be leveraged to reveal the interplay between structure and properties without disturbing environmental boundary conditions. However, the routine application of inversion methods to coherent hard x-ray Bragg diffraction is still limited by stringent experimental requirements and long measurement times.Given the potential impact of non-destructive 3D structural microscopy and the limitations of current 3D Bragg coherent x-ray inversion methods, advances in Bragg phase retrieval methods that facilitate the rapid imaging of crystal lattice behavior in realistic environments are critically important. Here, we introduce a new coherent Bragg diffraction imaging approach, three dimensional Bragg projection ptychography (3DBPP), that provides such a capability. 3DBPP enables 3D image reconstruction from a series of 2D Bragg diffraction patterns measured at a single incident beam angle, thus forming a new mode of inversion-based 3D strain-sensitive imaging. As we discuss in this article, 3DBPP is a hybrid real / reciprocal space technique that takes advantage of the high angle of separation between the incident and diffracted beam in a Bra...

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Section: Experimental Demonstrationmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Principles Of the 3d Bragg Projection Ptychographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-resolution three-dimensional structural microscopy by single-angle Bragg ptychography

et al. 2016

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Novel Functionality in Switchable Polar Materials

Rabe

Walker

Shin

et al. 2022

Adv Elect Materials

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In research on functional materials, the focus of attention has increasingly shifted from ferroelectrics, with electric‐field‐driven switching between two or more symmetry‐related insulating polar states, to materials with functional behavior based on the competition of antipolar and polar states, or two or more symmetry inequivalent polar states, with switching driven by applied electric fields and/or stresses. When the competing states are not symmetry related, they can have quite distinct magnetic, optical, transport, and topological properties, with functionality derived from modulating these properties or even turning them on and off. In this perspective, the authors set out joint experimental–theoretical strategies for the discovery and development of new functional materials in this class.

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In situ X-ray scattering of epitaxial oxide thin films

Zhou

Fong

2015

Epitaxial Growth of Complex Metal Oxides

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Imaging Local Polarization in Ferroelectric Thin Films by Coherent X-Ray Bragg Projection Ptychography

Cited by 73 publications

References 40 publications

High-resolution three-dimensional structural microscopy by single-angle Bragg ptychography

High-resolution three-dimensional structural microscopy by single-angle Bragg ptychography

Novel Functionality in Switchable Polar Materials

In situ X-ray scattering of epitaxial oxide thin films

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