Imaging trapped ions with an integrated microfabricated optic

Streed, Erik; Norton, B. G.; Weinhold, Till J.; Kielpinski, David; Ralph, Timothy C.; Lam, Ping Koy

doi:10.1063/1.3630177

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A key exception to this is a high efficiency ion-photon optical interconnect compatible with scaling to a massively parallel architecture. As we have previously proposed, microfabricated arrays of phase Fresnel lenses (PFLs) satisfy these criteria and are a promising solution to this problem 12 . Optical interactions are crucial to trapped-ion QIP, driving initialisation, high-speed gate operations, readout, and remote communications.…”

Section: Quantum Computationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging of Trapped Ions with a Microfabricated Optic for Quantum Information Processing

et al. 2011

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Trapped ions are a leading system for realizing quantum information processing (QIP). Most of the technologies required for implementing large-scale trapped-ion QIP have been demonstrated, with one key exception: a massively parallel ion-photon interconnect. Arrays of microfabricated phase Fresnel lenses (PFL) are a promising interconnect solution that is readily integrated with ion trap arrays for large-scale QIP. Here we show the first imaging of trapped ions with a microfabricated in-vacuum PFL, demonstrating performance suitable for scalable QIP. A single ion fluorescence collection efficiency of 4.2 ± 1.5% was observed, in agreement with the previously measured optical performance of the PFL. The contrast ratio between the ion signal and the background scatter was 23 ± 4. The depth of focus for the imaging system was 19.4 ± 2.4 µm and the field of view was 140 ± 20 µm. Our approach also provides an integrated solution for high-efficiency optical coupling in neutral atom and solid state QIP architectures. Quantum computation1,2 and communication 3 offer revolutionary solutions to challenging problems in information technology. Trapped ions are a leading system for demonstrating quantum information processing (QIP), with all basic operations 4-7 demonstrating excellent performance and a clear roadmap 8,9 to large-scale implementations. Recent experiments 10,11 have demonstrated most of the technologies required by the largescale roadmap. A key exception to this is a high efficiency ion-photon optical interconnect compatible with scaling to a massively parallel architecture. As we have previously proposed, microfabricated arrays of phase Fresnel lenses (PFLs) satisfy these criteria and are a promising solution to this problem 12 . Optical interactions are crucial to trapped-ion QIP, driving initialisation, high-speed gate operations, readout, and remote communications. A wide variety of approaches are being pursued to efficiently couple between light and individual trapped ions. These include conventional bulk optics 7,13-17 , high finesse cavities 18-20 , microfabricated mirrors 21 , and multimode optical fibers 22 . Highly parallel efficient coupling with conventional optics or high finesse cavities is challenging because of fabrication and alignment tolerances. Micromirrors and multimode fibers can efficiently collect sufficient light but suffer from poor single-mode coupling. In contrast, phase Fresnel lenses provide diffraction-limited high-NA coupling and can be microfabricated in large arrays on a single surface 23 . Fig. 1a illustrates the proposed integration 12 of PFL arrays with a scalable trappedion QIP architecture 8 . Such arrays have been used for nanolithography 23 to obtain diffraction-limited performance at 28% solid angle coverage (NA= 0.9). While PFLs, being diffractive optics, have sub-unit efficiency, diffraction efficiencies of 60%-80% at high NA are achievable with minimal additional fabrication complexity 24 .We demonstrate the principal step towards integrating PFL arrays with ion tr...

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Section: Quantum Computationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 1a illustrates the proposed integration 12 of PFL arrays with a scalable trappedion QIP architecture 8 . Such arrays have been used for nanolithography 23 to obtain diffraction-limited performance at 28% solid angle coverage (NA= 0.9).…”

Section: Quantum Computationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging of Trapped Ions with a Microfabricated Optic for Quantum Information Processing

et al. 2011

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“…The PFL was characterized with a knife edge beam profiling method to show diffraction limited performance 25 . More details about the lens and the fabrication can be found in 16,18,25 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Wavelength-scale imaging of trapped ions using a phase Fresnel lens

et al. 2011

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A microfabricated phase Fresnel lens was used to image ytterbium ions trapped in a radio frequency Paul trap. The ions were laser cooled close to the Doppler limit on the 369.5 nm transition, reducing the ion motion so that each ion formed a near point source. By detecting the ion fluorescence on the same transition, near diffraction limited imaging with spot sizes of below 440 nm (FWHM) was achieved. This is the first demonstration of imaging trapped ions with a resolution on the order of the transition wavelength.

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Imaging trapped ions with an integrated microfabricated optic

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Imaging of Trapped Ions with a Microfabricated Optic for Quantum Information Processing

Imaging of Trapped Ions with a Microfabricated Optic for Quantum Information Processing

Wavelength-scale imaging of trapped ions using a phase Fresnel lens

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