Imidazolium-functionalized β-cyclodextrin as a highly recyclable multifunctional ligand in water

Pd(II)-β-cyclodextrin complex: Synthesis, characterization and efficient nanocatalyst for the selective Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction in water

“…The hetero-coupling of aryl boronic acids with various aryl bromides also gave corresponding unsymmetrical biaryls in good to excellent yields (entries [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. For the coupling reaction of 1-bromo naphthalene with phenylboronic acid, the catalytic activity of Pd(II)-β-CD complex at 0.001 mol% loading was not satifactory and only 6% of coupling product was obtained by increasing the amount of catalyst to 0.01 mol% (entry 27).…”

“…CDs have a rigid cyclic structure with hydrophilic external rims and a hydrophobic cavity that M A N U S C R I P T A C C E P T E D ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 2 shows excellent performances in aqueous organic reactions [20]. Moreover, Cyclodextrins as supramolecular molecules have ability to prepare inclusion complex with metal ions, which make them efficient water soluble catalysts with high stability in water, specially, for palladium-catalysed Suzuki-Miyaura hetero-coupling reactions [21,22].…”

Highly efficient palladium catalysts supported on nitrogen contained polymers for Suzuki-Miyaura reaction

“…In order to combine high activity with good reusability, some highly active heterogeneous Pd catalysts were developed for Suzuki-Miyaura reaction of aryl bromides with phenylboronic acids [25][26]. But the activation of aryl chlorides is much more difficult than that of aryl bromides, so the development of heterogeneous Pd catalysts that can activate aryl chlorides with high efficiency is highly desirable.…”

Cu (II)‐β‐cyclodextrin complex stabilized on magnetic nanoparticles: A retrievable hybrid promoter for green synthesis of spiropyrans

“…Cyclodextrins (CDs) are cyclic oligosaccharides, made up from six (α‐CD), seven (β‐CD) or eight (γ‐CD) d ‐glucopyranose units. Their shape is similar to a conical cylinder with hydrophobic inner and hydrophilic exterior cavities . They have been widely used in many fields of science and technology because of low price, availability and unique supramolecular properties, such as hydrophobic cavity .…”