Immobilized‐Cell‐Augmented Activated Sludge Process for Treating Wastewater Containing Hazardous Compounds

Jittawattanarat, Rungrod; Kostarelos, Konstantinos; Khan, Eakalak

doi:10.2175/106143006x115363

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As compared to the action of general activated sludge, the degree of pentachlorphenol removal from wastewaters by immobilized community constituted 75.1% against 48.7% [22].…”

Section: Microbial Biofilms In Environmental Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Microbial biofilms in biotechnological processes

Maksimova

2014

Appl Biochem Microbiol

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This review summarizes the information concerning the following applications of microbial bio films in biotechnology: the biodegradation of organic substances and other contaminants during wastewater treatment, biosynthesis, and biocatalysis. The main types of reactors for implementing biotechnical processes based on microbial biofilms are discussed. The advantages and drawbacks of biocatalysts in the form of microbial biofilms for the biotransformation of organic substances are examined.

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“…As compared to the action of general activated sludge, the degree of pentachlorphenol removal from wastewaters by immobilized community constituted 75.1% against 48.7% [22].…”

Section: Microbial Biofilms In Environmental Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

Microbial biofilms in biotechnological processes

Maksimova

2014

Appl Biochem Microbiol

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“…This concept was subsequently applied successfully in the removal of 1-naphthylamine (Babcock et al, 1992) and pentachlorophenol (Jittawattanarat et al, 2007a), nitrogen (Jittawattanarat et al, 2007b), and pharmaceutical drugs such as cephalexin and cephradine (Saravanane et al, 2001a, b) from wastewater. (Cardinal and Stenstrom, 1991;Babcock et al, 1992) During the bioaugmentation with ER technique, the acclimated cultures are mixed and wasted through the excess sludge in the activated sludge systems.…”

Section: Bioaugmentation By Enricher Reactors (Er)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 2.11. Schematic diagram of ICAAS system (Jittawattanarat et al, 2007a) Providing appropriate growth conditions in an ER is one of the important aspects for its successful performance. Degradation activity of bacterial cultures in the ERs can be maintained by using an inducer compound, which can be the target compound itself or a less hazardous compound.…”

Section: Bioaugmentation By Enricher Reactors (Er)mentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ Groundwater Remediation Using Enricher Reactor – Permeable Reactive Biobarrier

Kasi¹,

McEvoy²,

Padmanabhan³

et al. 2010

proc water environ fed

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Permeable reactive biobarrier (PRBB) is a flow-through zone where microorganisms degrade contaminants in groundwater. Discontinuous presence of contaminants in groundwater causes performance loss of a PRBB in removing the target contaminant. A novel enricher reactor (ER) -PRBB system was developed to treat groundwater with contaminants that reappear after an absence period. ER is an offline reactor for enriching contaminant degraders, which were used for augmenting PRBB to maintain its performance after a period of contaminant absence. The ER-PRBB concept was initially applied to remove benzene that reappeared after absence periods of 10 and 25 days. PRBBs without ER augmentation experienced performance losses of up to 15% higher than ER-PRBBs.The role of inducer compounds in the ER to enrich bacteria that can degrade a mixture of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) was investigated with an objective to minimize the use of toxic chemicals as inducers. Three inducer types were studied: individual BTEX compounds, BTEX mixture, and benzoate (a non toxic and a common intermediate for BTEX biodegradation). Complete BTEX removal was observed for degraders enriched on all three inducer types; however, the removal rates were dependent on the inducer type. Degraders enriched on toluene and BTEX had the highest degradation rates for BTEX of 0.006 to 0.014 day -1 and 0.006 to 0.012 day -1 , respectively, while degraders enriched on benzoate showed the lowest degradation rates of 0.004 to 0.009 day -1 .The ER-PRBB technique was finally applied to address the performance loss of a PRBB due to inhibition interactions among BTEX, when the mixture reappeared after a iv 10 day absence period. The ER-PRBBs experienced minimal to no performance loss, while PRBBs without ER augmentation experienced performance losses between 11% and 35%. Presence of ethanol during the BTEX absence period increased the performance loss of PRBB for benzene removal. PRBBs augmented with degraders enriched on toluene alone overcame the inhibition interaction between benzene and toluene indicating that toluene can be used as a single effective inducer in an ER. The ER-PRBB was demonstrated to be a promising remediation technique and has potential for applications to a wide range of organic contaminants.v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

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“…This technique also prevents cell wash-out off the contaminated sites resulting in high biomass concentrations and contaminant removal efficiencies. Several studies have reported successful applications of immobilized cell bioaugmentation for point source pollution control, especially wastewater treatment [4][5][6][7][8]. Thus far, no research has been conducted on its application for non-point source pollution control.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%