Immobilized Enzymes: Methods and Applications

Tischer, Wilhelm; Wedekind, Frank

doi:10.1007/3-540-68116-7_4

Cited by 450 publications

(271 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Due to the presence of reactive functional groups, organic polymeric carriers such as poly(2-glucosyloxyethyl methacrylate)-concanavalin [101], polyethylenimine [102], and polyvinylferrocenium [103] are used for this purpose. However, inorganic materials provide a better stability because of their thermal and mechanical stability and non-toxicity [104]. Various enzymes have been immobilized on inorganic materials, such as clay [105], porous silica, and alumina powder [106].…”

Section: Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme immobilization: an update

et al. 2013

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Compared to free enzymes in solution, immobilized enzymes are more robust and more resistant to environmental changes. More importantly, the heterogeneity of the immobilized enzyme systems allows an easy recovery of both enzymes and products, multiple re-use of enzymes, continuous operation of enzymatic processes, rapid termination of reactions, and greater variety of bioreactor designs. This paper is a review of the recent literatures on enzyme immobilization by various techniques, the need for immobilization and different applications in industry, covering the last two decades. The most recent papers, patents, and reviews on immobilization strategies and application are reviewed.

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Section: Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme immobilization: an update

et al. 2013

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“…It renders the enzymes stable for operation and storage (Tischer and Wedekind 1999) and allows simple product separation. So far, only few mammalian P450s have been immobilized (FernandezSalguero et al 1993;Koebe et al 1994a;Koebe et al 1994b), and reports on the immobilization of microbial P450 enzymes are rare.…”

Section: Immobilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial P450 enzymes in biotechnology

Urlacher

Lutz-Wahl

Schmid

2004

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

200

100

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Oxidations are key reactions in chemical syntheses. Biooxidations using fermentation processes have already conquered some niches in industrial oxidation processes, since they allow the introduction of oxygen even into non-activated carbon atoms in a sterically and optically selective manner which is difficult or impossible to achieve by synthetic organic chemistry. Biooxidation using isolated enzymes is limited to oxidases and dehydrogenases. In addition, P450-catalyzed reactions require a constant supply of NAD(P)H which makes continuous cell-free processes very expensive. Quite recently, several groups have started to investigate cost-efficient ways which could allow the continuous supply of electrons to the heme iron. These include, for example, the use of electron mediators, direct electron supply from electrodes and enzymatic approaches. In addition, methods of protein design and directed evolution have been applied in an attempt to enhance the activity of the enzymes and improve their selectivity. The promising application of bacterial P450s as catalyzing agents in biocatalytic reactions and recent progress made in this field are covered in this review.3

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“…Immobilization confines the physical enzyme to a defined region of space, allowing the catalytic activity to be used continuously [9]. Immobilized enzymes exhibit resistance to proteolysis [10], and can be stored at high temperatures [11]. Immobilized proteins retain their enzyme activity due to the non-modification of the structure of immobilized enzyme [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reuse of Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase through Immobilization on Magnetic Carriers

Contiero¹

2013

Enz Eng

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Immobilized Enzymes: Methods and Applications

Cited by 450 publications

References 83 publications

Enzyme immobilization: an update

Enzyme immobilization: an update

Microbial P450 enzymes in biotechnology

Reuse of Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase through Immobilization on Magnetic Carriers

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