Immune profiling of human prostate epithelial cells determined by expression of p38/TRAF‐6/ERK MAP kinases pathways

Abstract

The aim of the present work was to study the immune profiling of prostate epithelial cells by the expression of ASK‐1/p38 and Raf‐1/ERK MAP Kinases signaling pathways mediated by TRAF‐6. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses for TRAF‐6, ASK‐1, MEK‐6, p38, Raf‐1, MEK‐1, ERK‐1, ERK‐2 and PSA were carried out in 5 samples of normal prostate gland, 24 samples of BPH and 19 samples of PC. Immunoreaction to TRAF‐6 was found in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells of BPH and tumor cells of PC samples. For patients with the profile (TRAF‐6+), optical densities revealed a weak immunoexpression of ASK‐1 in PC compared to BPH patients. Whereas, immunoexpression to Raf‐1 was higher in PC than in BPH. According to the expression of ASK‐1 and Raf‐1, two main profiles were identified: (TRAF‐6+, ASK‐1+, Raf‐1+) and (TRAF‐6+, ASK‐1+, RAF‐1−) in both BPH and PC. In addition, ASK‐1/p38 axis expression was increased in BPH. Raf‐1/ERK signaling pathway was increased in PC samples. On the other hand, representing of individual signaling protein expression enclosing each of p38 and ERK MAP Kinases according to TRAF‐6+ showed a qualitative behavior of ASK61/p38 and Raf‐1/ERK signaling pathways and a dynamic expression of PSA associated with immune and inflammatory process. These findings suggest that prostate epithelial cell could able an immune and inflammatory setting.

Increased expression of hematological and neurological expressed 1 (HN1) is associated with a poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and its knockdown inhibits cell growth and migration partly by down‐regulation of c‐Met

“…To validate the above results from the Oncomine database, we examined the expression of HN1 in the matched cancer and paracancerous HCC tissues by real time PCR. Compared with the matched adjacent tissues, HN1 in 50% of the cancer tissues (7 out of 14) showed higher level, that in 35.7% of the cancer tissues (5 out of 14) were closer to its adjacent tissues, and that in 20% of the cancer tissues (2 out of 14) were lower than its adjacent tissues ( Figure 1C).…”

“…Western blot was performed as previously described with modifications . Briefly, cells were lysed in RIPA lysis buffer, and the equal amounts of proteins were resolved with loading buffer.…”

“…Western blot was performed as previously described with modifications. 14 Briefly, cells were lysed in RIPA lysis buffer, and the equal amounts of proteins were resolved with loading buffer. After thermal denaturation for 5 minutes at 95 C, samples were electrophoresed on 10% or 12% SDS-PAGE mini gels, and then transferred to PVDF membranes.…”

Eukaryotic expression, Co-IP and MS identify BMPR-1B protein–protein interaction network

“…When RhoD expression was high, the MAPK pathway was activated, the residue of Tyr and Thr was phosphorylated, the ErK pathway was activated, and the phosphorylation levels of c-fos and c-jun increased. At the same time, the Smad 1 and Smad 5 also showed increased expression; thus, the oocyte differentiation and ovulation were induced [36][37][38].…”

Licochalcone A induces apoptotic cell death via JNK/p38 activation in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

“…MAPKs, including ERK1/2, JNK, and p38, have long been implicated in the regulation of gene expression, cell proliferation, cellular metabolism, cell migration, inflammatory, differentiation, and apoptosis. [41][42][43] Over-expression and phosphorylation of the MAPK signaling pathway may lead to increased cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. 44 A recent study reported that PDZ binding kinase, a serine-threonine kinase, accelerates cell apoptosis by activating the MAPK signaling pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.…”