Immune rebalancing by oral immunotherapy: A novel method for getting the immune system back on track

Ilan, Yaron

doi:10.1002/jlb.5ru0718-276rr

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 115 publications

(233 reference statements)

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“…Sphingolipids (SLs), as a class of bioactive lipids, are the main structural components of the cell membrane ( Kraft, 2017 ). SLs mainly include ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate, which participate in the occurrence and development of liver diseases by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation, gene expression and apoptosis ( Ilan, 2019 ). Studies have shown that liver injury can lead to the disturbance of sphingosine metabolism and significant changes of the related substances ( Acunha et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Analysis of Fecal Microbiome and Metabolomics in Hepatic Fibrosis Rats Reveal Hepatoprotective Effects of Yinchen Wuling Powder From the Host-Microbial Metabolic Axis

et al. 2021

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Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is a typical consequence in the development of multiple chronic liver diseases, which is intimately related to the composition and metabolic status of gut microbiota. A myriad of evidence has indicated that traditional Chinese medicine can treat HF by regulating gut microbiota. Yinchen Wuling powder (YCWLP) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine prescription, which has been used to relieve liver diseases for thousands of years. YCWLP has demonstrated protective function on HF, but its effect on the alterations of gut microbiota is still unclear, and its explicit therapeutic mechanism also needs to be further elucidated. In this study, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fecal metabolomics analysis were combined to investigate the influence of YCWLP on gut microbiota in HF rats and the interactions between gut microbiota and host metabolism. The results showed that YCWLP treatment significantly improved the disorder of multiple organ indices, HF-related cytokines and plasma LPS induced by HF. Masson’s trichrome stainings also showed that YCWLP treatment could significantly alleviate the severity of HF in rats. Additionally, YCWLP could reverse the significant changes in the abundance of certain genera closely related to HF phenotype, including Barnesiella [Ruminococcus] and Christensenella. Meanwhile, YCWLP significantly increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium, Coprococcus and Anaerostipes, which are closely related to butyrate production. Metabolomics and Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that YCWLP could regulate the disorder of arginine biosynthesis, sphingolipid metabolism and alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism in HF rats, and these regulations were intimately related to Barnesiella, [Ruminococcus], Christensenella, Coprococcus and Anaerostipes. By explaining the biological significance of the above results, we concluded that YCWLP might ameliorate HF by regulating the imbalance of gut microbiota, increasing the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria to reduce ammonia production, promote ammonia degradation, and regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Analysis of Fecal Microbiome and Metabolomics in Hepatic Fibrosis Rats Reveal Hepatoprotective Effects of Yinchen Wuling Powder From the Host-Microbial Metabolic Axis

et al. 2021

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“…The present data support CD1d + lymphocyte plasticity which underlines the differences noted between the different models. NKT cells were shown to be either useful or associated with liver damage under different conditions in an environment-and/or disease-dependent manner 47,48 . GC treatment alleviates immunologically incongruous disorders, suggesting it is associated with a " ne tuning" of immune responses by altering NKT-plasticity 48,49 , and this effect may be CD1d-mediated 50,51 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid-mediated liver steatosis is CD1d-dependent while steroid-induced liver necrosis, inflammation, and metabolic changes are CD1d-independent: A dichotomy between steatosis and steatohepatitis

Adar¹,

Ya’acov²,

Shabat³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Glucocorticoids have been implicated in the pathogenesis of all stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Natural killer T cells play a role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and in the response to steroids. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of CD1d in steroid-mediated metabolic derangement and the steroid-protective effect of glycosphingolipids. Methods: Ten groups of mice were studied. Steroids were orally administered to C57BL/6 mice to assess the therapeutic effect of β-glucsylceramide (GC) on the development of steroid-mediated liver damage and metabolic derangements. The role of CD1d in the pathogenesis of steroid-induced liver damage, and in mediating the hepatoprotective effect of GC were studied in CD1d−/− mice. Results: A model of oral administration of steroids was established, resulting in insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, liver steatosis, and hepatocellular injury. Steroid administration to CD1d−/− mice was associated with hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia. However, CD1d−/− mice were relatively resistant to steroid-induced steatosis. GC treatment alleviated steroid-associated metabolic derangements and liver injury independent of CD1d expression. Conclusion: A steroid-mediated model of NAFLD and metabolic derangements was established in which steroid-mediated steatosis was CD1d-dependent while steroid-induced liver necrosis, inflammation, and metabolic changes were CD1d-independent, further supporting a dichotomy between steatosis and steatohepatitis in NAFLD.

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Section: Augmenting the Antiviral Cellular Immune Response And Mitigating The Immune-mediated Target Organ Damage Using An Adjuvant Appromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gut provides a platform for generating immune signals that impact the systemic immune system 95 , 96 , 97 . Adjuvants, including non-absorbable compounds, have been used to modulate the intestinal immune signals in several preclinical and clinical trials using non-absorbable compounds 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 . Three types of adjuvants, namely glycosphingolipids, low-dose colchicine, and hyperimmune colostrum that target the gut immune system have been proposed to augment the antiviral immune response and mitigate immune-mediated target organ damage in patients with COVID-19.…”

Section: Augmenting the Antiviral Cellular Immune Response And Mitigating The Immune-mediated Target Organ Damage Using An Adjuvant Appromentioning

confidence: 99%

A digital health platform for assisting the diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19 progression: An adjuvant approach for augmenting the antiviral response and mitigating the immune-mediated target organ damage

Ishay¹,

Potruch²,

Schwartz³

et al. 2021

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

Self Cite

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which is a respiratory illness associated with high mortality, has been classified as a pandemic. The major obstacles for the clinicians to contain the disease are limited information availability, difficulty in disease diagnosis, predicting disease prognosis, and lack of disease monitoring tools. Additionally, the lack of valid therapies has further contributed to the difficulties in containing the pandemic. Recent studies have reported that the dysregulation of the immune system leads to an ineffective antiviral response and promotes pathological immune response, which manifests as ARDS, myocarditis, and hepatitis. In this study, a novel platform has been described for disseminating information to physicians for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with COVID-19. An adjuvant approach using compounds that can potentiate antiviral immune response and mitigate COVID-19-induced immune-mediated target organ damage has been presented. A prolonged beneficial effect is achieved by implementing algorithm-based individualized variability measures in the treatment regimen.

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Immune rebalancing by oral immunotherapy: A novel method for getting the immune system back on track

Cited by 16 publications

References 115 publications

Comprehensive Analysis of Fecal Microbiome and Metabolomics in Hepatic Fibrosis Rats Reveal Hepatoprotective Effects of Yinchen Wuling Powder From the Host-Microbial Metabolic Axis

Comprehensive Analysis of Fecal Microbiome and Metabolomics in Hepatic Fibrosis Rats Reveal Hepatoprotective Effects of Yinchen Wuling Powder From the Host-Microbial Metabolic Axis

Steroid-mediated liver steatosis is CD1d-dependent while steroid-induced liver necrosis, inflammation, and metabolic changes are CD1d-independent: A dichotomy between steatosis and steatohepatitis

A digital health platform for assisting the diagnosis and monitoring of COVID-19 progression: An adjuvant approach for augmenting the antiviral response and mitigating the immune-mediated target organ damage

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