Immune Response to Sheep Red Blood Cells in Mice Pretreated with Mycobacterial Fractions

Abstract

Ten micrograms of trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (cord factor) injected into the footpads of mice increased the antibody response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) subsequently injected into the same sites. There is a relationship between the antibody response and the cellular reaction induced locally and in the draining lymph nodes by cord factor, as judged by a much weaker response when antigen is injected into the contralateral footpads. The time intervals between injection of cord factor and antigen were from 5 to 20 days. A similar increased antibody response to SRBC was evident after preliminary administration of Freund's complete adjuvant or living BCG bacilli into the footpads. There was no increased antibody response in mice pretreated with living BCG or Freund's adjuvant to SRBC injected into the contralateral footpads. Administration of wax D from human strains Peurois and Test was without any effect. Administration of SRBC emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant containing 5 ,ug of cord factor induced a very strong antibody response in the mice as compared to that after injection of the same amount of antigen in incomplete Freund's adjuvant containing wax D or mycobacteria. The results are discussed.

Lack of Response of Murine Peritoneal Macrophages to in vitro Activation by Muramyl Dipeptide (MDP)

“…For example, the B-cell mitogenic activity of LPS is known to be species dependent, and mice are high responders whereas guinea pigs and rabbits are low or non-responders (6,19). Similarly, the responsiveness to the adjuvant action ofcordfactor (trehalose dimycolates) and wax D that are administered as a water-in-oil emulsion is different between mice and guinea pigs (5,25). Cord factor causes significant increases in antibody production in mice but is not as effective in guinea pigs.…”

Mycobacterium tuberculosiscell envelope lipids and the host immune response

“…In addition, anti-LAM IgM enhanced serum clearance and altered organ deposition of intravenously administered LAM in mice (Glatman-Freedman et al, 2000). The ability of TDM to induce humoral responses was recognized many years ago (Bekierkunst et al, 1971). The injection of TDM before antigen administration in the same footpads of mice resulted in higher antibody production to the injected antigen compared with that resulting from antigen injection into the contralateral footpads (Bekierkunst et al, 1971).…”

“…The ability of TDM to induce humoral responses was recognized many years ago (Bekierkunst et al, 1971). The injection of TDM before antigen administration in the same footpads of mice resulted in higher antibody production to the injected antigen compared with that resulting from antigen injection into the contralateral footpads (Bekierkunst et al, 1971). Furthermore, treatment with TDM increases the magnitude of the IgM antibody response of mice to type III pneumococcal polysaccharide (Baker et al, 1989).…”

Cross-protective immunity to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus by intranasal delivery of a live virus vaccine with a potent adjuvant

“…Unfortunately, adverse effects mediated by major cell wall components of Mtb such as mycolic acids, peptidoglycan, and wax D preclude use of complete Freund's adjuvant in humans and food animals [19,20]. Adjuvanticity of various purified individual components of Mtb have been investigated [21,22], including water soluble whole cell lysate (WCL) of Mtb [23]. Interestingly, a few of the Mtb WCL fractions, such as heat shock protein-70 (HSP70) [21,24] and PE (Pro-Glu)/PPE (Pro-Pro-Glu) have been identified to elicit potent adjuvant activity [25,26].…”